ReviewFrontiers in molecular biosciences2019
The Synthesis of Kynurenic Acid in Mammals: An Updated Kynurenine Aminotransferase Structural KATalogue.
Review in Frontiers in molecular biosciences, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Exploring the Etiological Links behind Neurodegenerative Diseases: Inflammatory Cytokines and Bioactive Kynurenines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Pooled it
- Pharmacological Modulation of the Kynurenine Pathway Using PF-04859989 Modulates PACAP Signaling in Migraine-Relevant Trigeminal Sensitization.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential of tryptophan metabolism in gut-brain signaling transduction: a narrative review.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- The kynurenine pathway in depression and schizophrenia: convergent signals, divergent states, and clinical signatures.EXCLI journal · 2026Review
- Article
- Mutational insights into human kynurenine aminotransferase 1: modulation of transamination and β-elimination activities across diverse substrates.The Biochemical journal · 2025Article
- Kynurenine Pathway Modulation by Exercise in Multiple Sclerosis: Implications for Neuroprotection and Inflammation.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Selective heterofunctionalization of kynurenic acid derivatives.RSC advances · 2025Article
- The Biology and Biochemistry of Kynurenic Acid, a Potential Nutraceutical with Multiple Biological Effects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The Complex World of Kynurenic Acid: Reflections on Biological Issues and Therapeutic Strategy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Mapping the metabolic responses to oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy withJournal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2024Article
- Intestinal tryptophan metabolism in disease prevention and swine production.Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2023Review
- Altered kynurenine pathway metabolism and association with disease activity in patients with systemic lupus.Amino acids · 2023Article
- Review
- Inhibition of 3-Hydroxykynurenine Transaminase fromACS bio & med chem Au · 2023Article
- The influence of cyclooxygenase inhibitors on kynurenic acid production in rat kidney: a novel path for kidney protection?Pharmacological reports : PR · 2023Article
- Review
- Identification and characterization of the kynurenine pathway in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Kynurenine Metabolism and Alzheimer's Disease: The Potential Targets and Approaches.Neurochemical research · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is a bioactive compound that is produced along the kynurenine pathway (KP) during tryptophan degradation. In a few decades, KYNA shifted from being regarded a poorly characterized by-product of the KP to being considered a main player in many aspects of mammalian physiology, including the control of glutamatergic and cholinergic synaptic transmission, and the coordination of immunomodulation. The renewed attention being paid to the study of KYNA homeostasis is justified by the discovery of selective and potent inhibitors of kynurenine aminotransferase II, which is considered the main enzyme responsible for KYNA synthesis in the mammalian brain. Since abnormally high KYNA levels in the central nervous system have been associated with schizophrenia and cognitive impairment, these inhibitors promise the development of novel anti-psychotic and pro-cognitive drugs. Here, we summarize the currently available structural information on human and rodent kynurenine aminotransferases (KATs) as the result of global efforts aimed at describing the full complement of mammalian isozymes. These studies highlight peculiar features of KATs that can be exploited for the development of isozyme-specific inhibitors. Together with the optimization of biochemical assays to measure individual KAT activities in complex samples, this wealth of knowledge will continue to foster the identification and rational design of brain penetrant small molecules to attenuate KYNA synthesis, i.e., molecules capable of lowering KYNA levels without exposing the brain to the harmful withdrawal of KYNA-dependent neuroprotective actions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.