ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2019
Metformin Protects the Heart Against Hypertrophic and Apoptotic Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction.
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of antidiabetic drugs on left ventricular function/dysfunction: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2020Pooled it
- Effect of metformin on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with coronary artery diseases: a systematic review and an updated meta-analysis.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2019Pooled it
- Evaluation of metformin's effect on 5-fluorouracil-induced cardiotoxicity through cellular protection.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2026Article
- Multiple Strategies Confirm the Anti Hepatocellular Carcinoma Effect of Cinnamic Acid Based on the PI3k-AKT Pathway.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Molecular Mechanism of Metformin Regulating the Regeneration of PlanarianInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Mitochondrial dysfunction in AMI: mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Exploring the Effects of Metformin on the Body via the Urine Proteome.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Mitigating ibrutinib-induced ventricular arrhythmia and cardiac dysfunction with metformin.Cancer innovation · 2025Article
- Effects of Metformin on Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: New Evidence and Mechanisms.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Metformin Inhibits Autophagy, Mitophagy and Antagonizes Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiomyocyte Death.International journal of drug discovery and pharmacology · 2023Article
- Metformin: A Review of Potential Mechanism and Therapeutic Utility Beyond Diabetes.Drug design, development and therapy · 2023Review
- Metformin and alpha lipoic acid ameliorate hypothyroidism and its complications in adult male rats.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2022Article
- Sex Differences in Neuropathy: The Paradigmatic Case of MetFormin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- PD 102807 Induces M3 mAChR-Dependent GRK-/Arrestin-Biased Signaling in Airway Smooth Muscle Cells.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2022Article
- Breast milk mesenchymal stem cells abate cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity in adult male albino rats via modulating the AMPK pathway.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Demystifying the Relationship Between Metformin, AMPK, and Doxorubicin Cardiotoxicity.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Review
- Metformin alleviates the calcification of aortic valve interstitial cells through activating the PI3K/AKT pathway in an AMPK dependent way.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2021Article
- Metformin Attenuates Postinfarction Myocardial Fibrosis and Inflammation in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Glimepiride and Metformin Combinations in Diabetes Comorbidities and Complications: Real-World Evidence.Cureus · 2020Article
- Metformin Activates the AMPK-mTOR Pathway by Modulating lncRNADrug design, development and therapy · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
- Retracted
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications are the most prevalent cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Metformin is currently the first-line blood glucose-lowering agent with potential relevance to cardiovascular diseases. However, the underpinning mechanisms of action remain elusive. Here, we report that metformin represses cardiac apoptosis at least in part through inhibition of Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) pathway. In a mouse model of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), treatment with metformin attenuated cardiac and hypertrophic remodeling after 14 days of post-reperfusion. Additionally, cardiac expression of brain-like natriuretic peptide (BNP) was significantly reduced in metformin-treated mice after 14 days of cardiac I/R. In cultured H9C2 cells, metformin counteracted hypertrophic and apoptotic responses to metabolic or hypoxic stress. FoxO1 silencing by siRNA abolished anti-apoptotic effect of metformin under hypoxic stress in H9C2 cells. Taken together, these results suggest that metformin protects the heart against hypertrophic and apoptotic remodeling after myocardial infarction.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.