ArticleScientific reports2019
An analysis of benign human prostate offers insights into the mechanism of apocrine secretion and the origin of prostasomes.
Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Drosophila larval salivary gland, a simple and elegant model system to understand secretory organ development and function.Current opinion in insect science · 2026Review
- Research progress on the multidimensional mechanisms underlying impaired spermatogenesis induced by pathological microenvironment remodeling in chronic prostatitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Functional tissue units in the Human Reference Atlas.Nature communications · 2025Article
- xCT as a potential marker for neuroendocrine cells in high-risk prostate cancer and the relation to AL122023.1-miR-26a/30d/30e axis.PloS one · 2025Article
- Assessing the Safety of Combined Therapy,Journal of toxicology · 2025Article
- Functional Tissue Units in the Human Reference Atlas.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Heterogeneity and complexity of the prostate epithelium: New findings from single-cell RNA sequencing studies.Cancer letters · 2022Review
- Extra-cellular vesicles of the male genital tract: new actors in male fertility?Basic and clinical andrology · 2021Review
- Dynamic patterns of DNA methylation in the normal prostate epithelial differentiation program are targets of aberrant methylation in prostate cancer.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Sperm Function and Male Fertility.Sub-cellular biochemistry · 2021Review
- Proteomic Profiling of Two Distinct Populations of Extracellular Vesicles Isolated from Human Seminal Plasma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The structure and function of normal human prostate is still not fully understood. Herein, we concentrate on the different cell types present in normal prostate, describing some previously unreported types and provide evidence that prostasomes are primarily produced by apocrine secretion. Patients (n = 10) undergoing TURP were prospectively consented based on their having a low risk of harbouring CaP. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy was used to characterise cell types and modes of secretion. Zinc levels were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Although merocrine secretory cells were noted, the majority of secretory cells appear to be apocrine; for the first time, we clearly show high-resolution images of the stages of aposome secretion in human prostate. We also report a previously undescribed type of epithelial cell and the first ultrastructural image of wrapping cells in human prostate stroma. The zinc levels in the tissues examined were uniformly high and X-ray microanalysis detected zinc in merocrine cells but not in prostasomes. We conclude that a significant proportion of prostasomes, possibly the majority, are generated via apocrine secretion. This finding provides an explanation as to why so many large proteins, without a signal peptide sequence, are present in the prostatic fluid.
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