ArticleNutrients2019
Association of Protein Intake in Three Meals with Muscle Mass in Healthy Young Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Nutrients, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Evenness of dietary protein distribution is associated with higher muscle mass but not muscle strength or protein turnover in healthy adults: a systematic review.European journal of nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- Muscle-Related Effect of Whey Protein and Vitamin DNutrients · 2022Trial
- Evenly Distributed Protein Intake over 3 Meals Augments Resistance Exercise-Induced Muscle Hypertrophy in Healthy Young Men.The Journal of nutrition · 2020Trial
- Relationship Between Breakfast Skipping and Body Composition, Nutritional Status or Chronotype in Female University Students With Normal Body Weight.Physiological research · 2025Article
- Protein Intake and Protein Quality Patterns in New Zealand Vegan Diets: An Observational Analysis Using Dynamic Time Warping.Nutrients · 2025Observational
- Influences of muscle mass loss and exercise habits and personality traits on lower limb motor function among university students.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Associations of body composition with physical activity, nutritional intake status, and chronotype among female university students in Japan.Journal of physiological anthropology · 2024Article
- Relationship Between Protein Intake in Each Traditional Meal and Physical Activity: Cross-sectional Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2022Article
- Evenness of Dietary Protein Intake Is Positively Associated with Lean Mass and Strength in Healthy Women.Nutrition and metabolic insights · 2022Article
- Protein Distribution and Muscle-Related Outcomes: Does the Evidence Support the Concept?Nutrients · 2020Review
- Acute Effect of the Timing of Resistance Exercise and Nutrient Intake on Muscle Protein Breakdown.Nutrients · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Protein intake of >0.24 g/kg of body weight (BW) at a single meal is necessary to maximize muscle protein synthesis in a young population. However, the association between the protein intake rate for three meals and muscle mass in the young population has not been evaluated. We hypothesized that a protein intake of >0.24 g/kg BW at all three meals is effective for maintaining muscle mass. Therefore, we cross-sectionally examined the association between protein intake at all three meals with muscle mass in 266 healthy young subjects (aged 21.4 ± 2.4 years). Subjects were divided into the AP group, which achieved protein intake >0.24 g/kg BW at all three meals; and the NP group, which did not. We calculated total fat-free mass (FFM) and appendicular fat-free mass (AppFFM) with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and the percentage of total FFM (TotalFFM%) and appendicular FFM (AppFFM%) were calculated as the percentage of BW (%BW). We demonstrated that TotalFFM% (77.0 ± 0.5 vs. 75.2 ± 0.4%,
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Registered trials
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