ArticleScientific reports2019
Subchronic low-dose 2,4-D exposure changed plasma acylcarnitine levels and induced gut microbiome perturbations in mice.
Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Impact of glyphosate and its mixture with 2,4-D and dicamba on gut biochemical function, intestinal barrier integrity and microbiome composition in adult rats with prenatal commencement of exposure.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Mapping risk: Spatial analysis of 2,4-D herbicide emissions and colorectal cancer.Environmental challenges (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Soil to Synapse: Molecular Insights into the Neurotoxicity of Common Gardening Chemicals in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Mapping pesticide-induced metabolic alterations in human gut bacteria.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Elevated risk of adverse effects from foodborne contaminants and drugs in inflammatory bowel disease: a review.Archives of toxicology · 2024Review
- Pesticide use and inflammatory bowel disease in licensed pesticide applicators and spouses in the Agricultural Health Study.Environmental research · 2024Article
- Niche-specification of aerobic 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid biodegradation byFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Pesticide exposure and the microbiota-gut-brain axis.The ISME journal · 2023Review
- Adverse health effects of emerging contaminants on inflammatory bowel disease.Frontiers in public health · 2023Review
- Impacts of Pesticides on Oral Cavity Health and Ecosystems: A Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Chronic Effects of Dietary Pesticides on the Gut Microbiome and Neurodevelopment.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Organic food consumption is associated with inflammatory biomarkers among older adults.Public health nutrition · 2021Article
- Toxicology and Microbiota: How Do Pesticides Influence Gut Microbiota? A Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- Ecological and toxicological assessments of anthropogenic contaminants based on environmental metabolomics.Environmental science and ecotechnology · 2021Review
- Toxicomicrobiomics: The Human Microbiome vs. Pharmaceutical, Dietary, and Environmental Xenobiotics.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Review
- Review
- Correlation between Early Life Exposure to Regulatory Relevant Doses of Herbicide Mixtures Based on Glyphosate and Development of Liver Dysfunction.Current health sciences journalArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The gut microbiota critically confers various health benefits, whereas environmental chemicals can affect its constitution and functionality thereby increasing disease risk. In the present study, we aim to evaluate the toxic effects of a wildly-used herbicide 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) on the gut microbiome and host using an occupationally relevant dose. A mouse model was used combined with metagenomic sequencing and metabolomic profiling to examine the alterations induced by subchronic low-dose 2,4-D exposure in fecal and plasma samples. The metagenomics results revealed a distinct gut microbial community with profound changes in diverse microbial pathways including urea degradation, amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism in 2,4-D-treated mice. Moreover, the metabolomics results revealed that the metabolic profiles in treatment group were differentiated from control group in both fecal and plasma samples. Toxic effects on the host of 2,4-D at an occupationally relevant dose were observed indicated by decreased acylcarnitine levels in plasma. These findings indicated that 2,4-D can cause toxicity and substantially impact the gut microbiome in mice at occupationally relevant doses, inferring that the relationship between environmental contaminants and microbiota is largely underestimated calling for more comprehensive consideration of the toxicity of occupational exposures.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.