ArticleNature communications2019
Duodenal bacterial proteolytic activity determines sensitivity to dietary antigen through protease-activated receptor-2.
Article in Nature communications, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06503081 (Investigating the Relationship Between Inflammation and Proteolytic Activity From Mucosa-associated Microbiota in Crohn's Disease Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 75 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Investigating the Relationship Between Inflammation and Proteolytic Activity From Mucosa-associated Microbiota in Crohn's Disease Patients
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 135 citations in OpenAlex.
- Celiac disease serology and gut microbiome following proton pump inhibitor treatment.Medicine · 2020Trial
- Protease-serpin-microbiome interactions in inflammatory bowel disease: toward integrated biomarkers of gut health.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Epithelial TMPRSS2 impairs glucose homeostasis in obese mice by regulating ghrelin-GLP-1 receptor signaling pathway.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Comprehensive cross-cohort analysis reveals global gut microbiome signatures of celiac disease.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Small intestinal microbial fiber metabolism dysfunction in celiac disease.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Integrated multiomics reveals stable microbe-metabolite relationships in pediatric celiac disease.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- From gluten to therapeutics: molecular mechanisms of celiac disease and emerging alternatives to the gluten-free diet.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Gene-Environment Interactions in Celiac Disease: The Role of the Intestinal Epithelium.Lifestyle genomics · 2026Review
- Proteases in intestinal health and disease.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Influence of commensal bacteria on the proteolytic and antigenic profiles of INFOGEST-like digested wheat gliadin.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Gut mucosal immune responses - Implications for celiac disease and food allergy.Seminars in immunology · 2025Review
- High-resolution analysis of the treated coeliac disease microbiome reveals strain-level variation.Gut microbes · 2025Article
- Identifying Potential Targets for the Interception of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Toward Precision Prevention.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2025Review
- The gut microbiome connects nutrition and human health.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025Review
- Microbiome Markers in Gastrointestinal Disorders: Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Colorectal Cancer, and Celiac Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Distribution of gut microbiota across intestinal segments and their impact on human physiological and pathological processes.Cell & bioscience · 2025Review
- Review Article: Novel Enzyme Therapy Design for Gluten Peptide Digestion Through Exopeptidase Supplementation.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2025Review
- Celiac Disease and Gluten Cross-Contact: How Much is too Much?Current nutrition reports · 2025Review
- Is the microbiome important in celiac disease?Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Delving the depths of 'terra incognita' in the human intestine - the small intestinal microbiota.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025Review
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
21 authors at 10 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Microbe-host interactions are generally homeostatic, but when dysfunctional, they can incite food sensitivities and chronic diseases. Celiac disease (CeD) is a food sensitivity characterized by a breakdown of oral tolerance to gluten proteins in genetically predisposed individuals, although the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here we show that duodenal biopsies from patients with active CeD have increased proteolytic activity against gluten substrates that correlates with increased Proteobacteria abundance, including Pseudomonas. Using Pseudomonas aeruginosa producing elastase as a model, we show gluten-independent, PAR-2 mediated upregulation of inflammatory pathways in C57BL/6 mice without villus blunting. In mice expressing CeD risk genes, P. aeruginosa elastase synergizes with gluten to induce more severe inflammation that is associated with moderate villus blunting. These results demonstrate that proteases expressed by opportunistic pathogens impact host immune responses that are relevant to the development of food sensitivities, independently of the trigger antigen.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.