ArticleParasites & vectors2019
Repeated isolation of tick-borne encephalitis virus from adult Dermacentor reticulatus ticks in an endemic area in Germany.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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35 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optimization of tick identification via MALDI-TOF MS for implementation in routine diagnostics.Parasitology research · 2026Article
- Microorganisms inInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2026Article
- Current Knowledge on Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Interaction with Ticks: Acquisition, Dissemination, and Persistence.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Identification and mapping of potential and highly likely vectors for selected vector-borne diseases in the EU and neighbouring countries.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026Article
- Spatial Heterogeneity of Tick-Borne Pathogens Outpaces Genetic Structuring in Anatolian Dermacentor reticulatus Populations.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Distribution and Genotypic Landscape of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus in Ticks from Latvia from 2019 to 2023.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Ticks and tick-borne diseases in the northern hemisphere affecting humans.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Tick-borne encephalitis virus subtypes: mono- and mixed infection in specific and non-specific ticks.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Interrelation of the spatial and genetic structure of tick-borne encephalitis virus, its reservoir host (Ecology and evolution · 2024Article
- Italian peninsula as a hybridization zone of Ixodes inopinatus and I. ricinus and the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in I. inopinatus, I. ricinus, and their hybrids.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
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- Transboundary determinants of avian zoonotic infectious diseases: challenges for strengthening research capacity and connecting surveillance networks.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- The known unknowns of Powassan virus ecology.Journal of medical entomology · 2023Review
- Tick-Borne Encephalitis-Review of the Current Status.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Genetic Diversity ofLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
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- Sympatric occurrence of Ixodes ricinus with Dermacentor reticulatus and Haemaphysalis concinna and the associated tick-borne pathogens near the German Baltic coast.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- Food-Borne Transmission of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus-Spread, Consequences, and Prophylaxis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus is transmitted to humans and animals through tick bites and is thought to circulate in very strictly defined natural environments called natural foci. The most common tick serving as a vector for the TBE virus in central Europe is Ixodes ricinus; it is rarely found in other tick species and in Dermacentor reticulatus it has, so far, only been reported in Poland.
methodsBetween autumn 2016 and spring 2018 ticks were collected by the flagging method in a new TBE focus in the district of northern Saxony, Germany, outside the known risk areas as defined by the national Robert Koch Institute. Ticks were morphologically identified and tested in pools for the presence of TBE virus using a real-time RT-PCR. TBE virus from positive pools was isolated in A549 cells, and the E gene sequences were determined after conventional RT-PCR, followed by a phylogenetic comparison.
resultsTBE virus was detected in 11 pools, 9 times in flagged adults D. reticulatus (n = 1534; MIR: 0.59%, CI: 0.29-11.3%) and only twice in I. ricinus nymphs (n = 349; MIR: 0.57%, CI: 0.02-2.2%). All other ticks, I. ricinus males (n = 33), females (n = 30) and larvae (n = 58), as well as 5 I. inopinatus (2 females, 3 males) and 14 Haemaphysalis concinna (3 females, 11 nymphs), tested negative for TBE virus. TBE virus was not detected in I. ricinus during the summer, when D. reticulatus is not active. Sequence comparison of the entire E gene of the isolated virus strains resembled each other with only 3 nucleotide differences. The most closely related viral sequences belong to TBE virus strains from Poland and Neustadt an der Waldnaab (county of Neustadt an der Waldnaab, Bavaria), approximately 200 km east and 200 km south-west of the new focus, respectively.
conclusionsTBE virus was found in northern Saxony, Germany, with similar MIRs in D. reticulatus and I. ricinus, indicating that D. reticulatus plays an equal role to I. ricinus in virus circulation when both tick species are sympatric.
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