ArticleBMC oral health2019
Prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing and associations with orofacial symptoms among Saudi primary school children.
Article in BMC oral health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04328402 (Factors Correlated With Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children and Adolescents Diagnosed by Polysomnography), which is not on this map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Factors Correlated With Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children and Adolescents Diagnosed by Polysomnography: Cross-sectional Study
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bidirectional Relationship Between Dental Diseases and Sleep Disturbances in Pediatric Patients.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2025Review
- Prevalence of symptoms suggestive of sleep apnea among children and its impact on academic performance.The Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association · 2025Article
- Article
- Prevalence and Characteristics of Sleep Disorders in Children Aged 7-17: Insights from Parental Observations at the Dental Office.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Effect of Sleeping Disorders on the Growth Parameters of Lebanese Children.Materia socio-medica · 2023Article
- Pediatric Sleep Respiratory Disorders: A Narrative Review of Epidemiology and Risk Factors.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Sleep-Disordered Breathing among Saudi Primary School Children: Incidence and Risk Factors.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Prevalence and Correlates of Sleep Disorders Among Pediatric Inpatients in a Tertiary Pediatric Hospital.Cureus · 2023Article
- Arabic translation and validation of a pediatric sleep questionnaire to assess the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing among Saudi pre-school children.BMC pediatrics · 2023Article
- Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Saudi Male Boys with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD).Degenerative neurological and neuromuscular disease · 2023Article
- Sleep habits and orofacial myofunctional self-assessment of children at risk for sleep breathing disorders.CoDAS · 2023Article
- Mouth Breathing and Speech Disorders: A Multidisciplinary Evaluation Based on The Etiology.Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences · 2022Article
- Sleep-disordered breathing in children and adolescents seeking paediatric dental care in Dubai, UAE.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2022Article
- Prevalence of and risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea in children with sickle cell: a multicentric cross sectional study.Annals of hematology · 2022Article
- Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Knowledge and Attitudes of Medical and Dental Students and Fresh Graduates from Saudi Arabia.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Sleep disorders in a sample of Lebanese children: the role of parental mental health and child nutrition and activity.BMC pediatrics · 2021Article
- Association between nasal patency and orofacial myofunctional changes in patients with asthma and rhinitis.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2021Observational
- Sleep-disordered breathing among Saudi children seeking orthodontic treatment.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis study aimed to determine the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing among primary school children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and to evaluate associations between sleep-disordered breathing and respiratory conditions/orofacial symptoms.
methodsIn this cross-sectional study, 1600 questionnaires were distributed to Saudi boys and girls aged 6-12 years from 16 primary schools in Riyadh. The questionnaire covered relevant demographic and personal characteristics, presence of respiratory conditions and orofacial symptoms, and the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire. The latter was used to assess the prevalence of symptoms of sleep-disordered breathing and was completed by the participating children's parents.
resultsIn total, 1350 completed questionnaires were returned (85% response rate). The children' mean age was 9.2 ± 1.8 years; 733 (54.3%) were boys and 617 (45.7%) girls. Overall, 21% of children were at high risk of sleep-disordered breathing. The prevalence of snoring was 14.4% and that of sleep apnea 3.4%. Boys were at higher risk of sleep-disordered breathing than girls (P = 0.040). Children with respiratory conditions or orofacial symptoms were at higher risk of sleep-disordered breathing (P < 0.0001) than children without these conditions/symptoms.
conclusionsAround 21% of Saudi children are at risk of sleep-disordered breathing. There is a strong association between sleep-disordered breathing symptoms and the presence of respiratory conditions or orofacial symptoms.
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