ArticleEmerging microbes & infections2019
The clinically licensed antifungal drug itraconazole inhibits influenza virus in vitro and in vivo.
Article in Emerging microbes & infections, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Itraconazole for COVID-19: preclinical studies and a proof-of-concept randomized clinical trial.EBioMedicine · 2021Trial
- Amphotericin B promotes respiratory viral entry by enhancing late endosomal maturation and fusion via glucocerebrosidase-mediated ceramide remodeling.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Dynamic regulatory mechanism of cholesterol 25-hydroxylase-mediated antiviral response in RNA virus infections.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- IFITM3 at the viral fusion-pore checkpoint: membrane energetics and entry-route-dependent outcomes.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Niemann-Pick type C1 protein regulates epidermal growth factor receptor stability in hepatic cells and facilitates the early steps of Hepatitis B virus infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Cholesterol and Cholesterol-Lowering Medications in COVID-19-An Unresolved Matter.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Cholesterol and COVID-19-therapeutic opportunities at the host/virus interface during cell entry.Life science alliance · 2024Review
- ProcCluster® and procaine hydrochloride inhibit the growth ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- The Specific Binding and Promotion Effect of Azoles on Human Aldo-Keto Reductase 7A2.Metabolites · 2023Article
- 25-hydroxycholesterol: an integrator of antiviral ability and signaling.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- 3DEmerging microbes & infections · 2022Article
- Pharmacologically induced endolysosomal cholesterol imbalance through clinically licensed drugs itraconazole and fluoxetine impairs Ebola virus infectionEmerging microbes & infections · 2022Article
- Antiviral activity and mechanism of the antifungal drug, anidulafungin, suggesting its potential to promote treatment of viral diseases.BMC medicine · 2022Article
- The MEK1/2 Inhibitor ATR-002 (Zapnometinib) Synergistically Potentiates the Antiviral Effect of Direct-Acting Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Drugs.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Advances in Antifungal Development: Discovery of New Drugs and Drug Repurposing.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Repurposing Antifungals for Host-Directed Antiviral Therapy?Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Antiviral Activity of Approved Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiprotozoal and Anthelmintic Drugs: Chances for Drug Repurposing for Antiviral Drug Discovery.Journal of experimental pharmacology · 2022Review
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: New hope in the fight against COVID-19.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Targeting Some Enzymes with Repurposing Approved Pharmaceutical Drugs for Expeditious Antiviral Approaches Against Newer Strains of COVID-19.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2021Review
- In vitro activity of itraconazole against SARS-CoV-2.Journal of medical virology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is a common pathogen of respiratory disease. The IAV-induced seasonal epidemics and the sporadic pandemics are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, effective protection and therapy for IAV infections is an important challenge in countering this public health threat. Because vaccinations only protect against known circulating strains, and the currently available antivirals pose the risk of resistance formation, drugs targeting host cell factors needed for viral replication offer a promising therapeutic approach. In this study, we describe the use of the antifungal therapeutics posaconazole and itraconazole in the therapy of IAV. We show that both drugs efficiently inhibit the propagation of IAV in the cell culture model without being cytotoxic. The mode of action is probably based on several targets and includes both a priming of the interferon response and the induced imbalance of cellular cholesterol. The antiviral effect of itraconazole could be confirmed in the mouse model, where the administration of itraconazole led to a drastic reduction in mortality and a significant increase in the survival rate. Thus, our data indicate a promising therapeutic potential of at least itraconazole in influenza therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.