Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30866444›Full record

ArticleNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2019

Nanopore Structure and Fractal Characteristics of Lacustrine Shale: Implications for Shale Gas Storage and Production Potential.

Lei Chen, Zhenxue Jiang, Shu Jiang, Keyu Liu, Wei Yang, Jingqiang Tan, Fenglin Gao

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  4. Molecular Investigation of CONanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Lei ChenState Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China. chenlei19880804@163.com.
Zhenxue JiangState Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China. jiangzx@cup.edu.cn.
Shu JiangEnergy & Geoscience Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA. sjiang@egi.utah.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-6272-7649
Keyu LiuSchool of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China. keyu_liu@icloud.com.
Wei YangState Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China. yangw@cup.edu.cn.
Jingqiang TanSchool of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha 410012, China. tanjingqiang@aliyun.com.
Fenglin GaoState Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China. u6016291@utah.edu.
China University of Petroleum, Beijing · CNCentral South University · CNChina University of Petroleum, East China · CNUniversity of Utah · US

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 41872135National Science and Technology Major Project of China 2016ZX05034-001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In order to better understand nanopore structure and fractal characteristics of lacustrine shale, nine shale samples from the Da'anzhai Member of Lower Jurassic Ziliujing Formation in the Sichuan Basin, southwestern (SW) China were investigated by total organic carbon (TOC) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and low-pressure N₂ adsorption. Two fractal dimensions D₁ and D₂ (at the relative pressure of 0⁻0.5 and 0.5⁻1, respectively) were calculated from N₂ adsorption isotherms using the Frenkel⁻Halsey⁻Hill (FHH) equation. The pore structure of the Lower Jurassic lacustrine shale was characterized, and the fractal characteristics and their controlling factors were investigated. Then the effect of fractal dimensions on shale gas storage and production potential was discussed. The results indicate that: (1) Pore types in shale are mainly organic-matter (OM) and interparticle (interP) pores, along with a small amount of intraparticle (intraP) pores, and that not all grains of OM have the same porosity. The Brunauer⁻Emmett⁻Teller (BET) surface areas of shale samples range from 4.10 to 8.38 m²/g, the density-functional-theory (DFT) pore volumes range from 0.0076 to 0.0128 cm³/g, and average pore diameters range from 5.56 to 10.48 nm. (2) The BET surface area shows a positive correlation with clay minerals content and quartz content, but no obvious relationship with TOC content. The DFT pore volume shows a positive correlation with TOC content and clay minerals content, but a negative relationship with quartz content. In addition, the average pore diameter shows a positive correlation with TOC content and a negative relationship with quartz content, but no obvious relationship with clay minerals content. (3) Fractal dimension D₁ is mainly closely associated with the specific surface area of shale, suggesting that D₁ may represent the pore surface fractal dimension. Whereas fractal dimension D₂ is sensitive to multiple parameters including the specific surface area, pore volume, and average pore diameter, suggesting that D₂ may represent the pore structure fractal dimension. (4) Shale with a large fractal dimension D₁ and a moderate fractal dimension D₂ has a strong capacity to store both adsorbed gas and free gas, and it also facilitates the exploitation and production of shale gas.

Indexed as

fractal characteristicslacustrine shalepore structureshale gasSichuan Basin

Identifiers

PMID30866444
PMCPMC6474011
OpenAlexW2920334304

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.