Trial reportJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2019
Predictors of Long-Term HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Adherence After Study Participation in Men Who Have Sex With Men.
Trial report in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Strategies to Improve PrEP Adherence in People Who Use Drugs: A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2026Pooled it
- Substance Use and Adherence to HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Studies Enrolling Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women: A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2023Pooled it
- Running with Scissors: a Systematic Review of Substance Use and the Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Care Continuum Among Sexual Minority Men.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2022Pooled it
- HIV Prevention Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: Tenofovir Alafenamide Combination Preexposure Prophylaxis Versus Placebo.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Chemsex is not a barrier to self-reported daily PrEP adherence among PROUD study participants.The International journal on drug policy · 2019Trial
- HPTN 067/ADAPT: Correlates of Sex-Related Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Adherence, Thai Men Who Have Sex With Men, and Transgender Women, 2012-2013.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Trial
- Longitudinal Patterns of Adherence to Oral HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Among At-Risk Women in Tanga, Tanzania: A Convergent Analysis of Influencing Factors and Optimization Strategies.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Adherence thresholds of tenofovir diphosphate in dried blood spots for HIV treatment and pre-exposure prophylaxis: A scoping review.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2026Review
- Early disengagement from HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis services and associated factors among female sex workers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: a socioecological approach.BMJ global health · 2023Article
- Barriers and Facilitators to HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Uptake Among Men Who have Sex with Men Who Use Stimulants: A Qualitative Study.AIDS and behavior · 2022Article
- HIV screening in emergency departments: Linkage works but what about retention?Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine · 2021Article
- Grindr Users Take More Risks, but Are More Open to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Pre-exposure Prophylaxis: Could This Dating App Provide a Platform for HIV Prevention Outreach?Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Salvage Antiretroviral Therapy: Time for "DeNUKElearization"?The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Universal HIV and Birth Cohort HCV Screening in San Diego Emergency Departments.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Reasons Why Young Men Who Have Sex with Men Report Not Using HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis: Perceptions of Burden, Need, and Safety.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2019Article
- Intention to use PrEP among men who have sex with men and engage in chemsex: an international descriptive study.Therapeutic advances in infectious diseaseArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEfficacy of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among men who have sex with men is well documented in randomized trials. After trial completion, participants are challenged with acquiring PrEP on their own and remaining adherent.
methodsThis was a follow-up study of the TAPIR randomized controlled multicenter PrEP trial. Participants were contacted after their last TAPIR visit (ie, after study-provided PrEP was discontinued) to attend observational posttrial visits 24 and 48 weeks later. Adherence during TAPIR and posttrial visits was estimated by dried blood spot intracellular tenofovir diphosphate levels (adequate adherence defined as tenofovir diphosphate levels >719 fmol/punch). Binary logistic regression analysis assessed predictors of completing posttrial visits and PrEP adherence among participants completing ≥1 visit.
resultsOf 395 TAPIR participants who were on PrEP as part of the TAPIR trial for a median of 597 days (range 3-757 days), 122 (31%) completed ≥1 posttrial visit (57% of University of California San Diego participants completed posttrial visits, whereas this was 13% or lower for other study sites). Among participants who completed ≥1 posttrial visit, 57% had adequate adherence posttrial. Significant predictors of adequate adherence posttrial were less problematic substance use, higher risk behavior, and adequate adherence in year 1 of TAPIR.
conclusionMore than half of PrEP users followed after trial completion had successfully acquired PrEP and showed adequate adherence. Additional adherence monitoring and intervention measures may be needed for those with low PrEP adherence and problematic substance use during the first year of trial.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.