ArticleScientific reports2019
Trimethylamine N-Oxide, Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells, and Endothelial Function in Patients with Stable Angina.
Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 129 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Impact of Egg Consumption on Gastrointestinal Health: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Prognostic Value of Serum TMAO Measurement in Patients with STEMI: A Systematic Literature Review.Current vascular pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of a diet based on the Dietary Guidelines on vascular health and TMAO in women with cardiometabolic risk factors.Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 2022Trial
- Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome through the lens of gut‑derived uremic toxins.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Trimethylamine N-oxide and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events: results of umbrella review and meta-analysis.Nutrition & metabolism · 2026Article
- The TMAO Metabolic Axis in Vascular Disease: A Position Paper on Redox Mechanisms and Priorities for Clinical Translation.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Autologous Cell Therapy for Chronic Limb Threatening Ischemia: Towards Personalized Medicine.Angiology · 2026Review
- Trimethylamine N-oxide in exercise physiology: a gut microbiota-derived signal linking metabolic stress, redox balance and cardiometabolic health.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Review
- Intervening at the microbial crossroads: targeting inflammation across the oral-gut-reproductive microbiome crosstalk in atherosclerosis.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Review
- Comparative analysis of pathways induced by TMAO and TNF-α in human microvascular endothelial cells.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Based on the gut-heart axis: Polygonum capitatum improves atherosclerosis by modulating gut microbiota and TMAO, supporting MCPIP1/p53-associated endothelial protection.Chinese medicine · 2026Article
- The gut-heart axis in coronary artery disease: a scoping and narrative review of sex-based microbial and metabolic disparities.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- The oral-vascular axis: immune mechanisms linking periodontal dysbiosis to systemic vascular pathology.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) for risk stratification after acute ischemic stroke: Results from the BIOSIGNAL cohort study.European stroke journal · 2026Article
- The Gut-Heart Axis: A Comprehensive Review of Microbiota's Role in Cardiovascular Health and Disease and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.Cardiology research and practice · 2026Review
- Dapagliflozin enhances gut barrier function in rats with chronic myocardial infarction by modulating gut microbiota balance.Annals of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Methamphetamine-Associated Cardiomyopathy and Cardioembolic Stroke: Brain-Heart-Gut Axis Crosstalk, Diagnostic Strategies, and Anticoagulation Challenges.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Trimethylamine N-Oxide Linking Gut Microbiota to Cardiocerebral Disease Is a Novel Biomarker for Stroke Subtypes With Mixed Etiology: A Prospective Cohort Study.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- TMAO and the gut microbiome: implications for the CVD-CKD-IBD axis.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- Relationship of TMAO levels with vascular function in patients with hypertension.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Article
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a metabolite originated from bacterial metabolism of choline-rich foods. Evidence suggests an association between TMAO and atherosclerosis, but the relationship between TMAO and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the relationship between TMAO concentrations, circulating EPCs, and endothelial function in patients with stable angina. Eighty-one stable angina subjects who underwent coronary angiography were enrolled. The circulating EPCs and flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) were measured to evaluate endothelial function. Plasma TMAO and inflammatory markers, such as hsCRP and IL-1β, were determined. Furthermore, the effect of TMAO on EPCs was assessed in vitro. Patients with lower FMD had significantly decreased circulating EPCs, elevated TMAO, hsCRP, and IL-1β concentrations. Plasma TMAO levels were negatively correlated with circulating EPC numbers and the FMD, and positively correlated with hsCRP, IL-1β concentrations. In in vitro studies, incubation of TMAO in cultured EPCs promoted cellular inflammation, elevated oxidative stress, and suppressed EPC functions. Enhanced plasma TMAO levels were associated with reduced circulating EPCs numbers, endothelial dysfunction, and more adverse cardiovascular events. These findings provided evidence of TMAO's toxicity on EPCs, and delivered new insight into the mechanism of TMAO-mediated atherosclerosis, which could be derived from TMAO-downregulated EPC functions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.