ArticleViruses2019
Directed in Vitro Evolution of Therapeutic Bacteriophages: The Appelmans Protocol.
Article in Viruses, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 118 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
118 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 158 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Training a phage to expand its host range: directed evolution againstAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Farm-adapted multicomponent bacteriophage preparation for environmental biocontrol in commercial dairy cattle housing: A One Health approach.Veterinary world · 2026Article
- Bacteriophage Density Influences the Rate of Resistance Evolution.Bulletin of mathematical biology · 2026Article
- Review
- Phage Therapy Is Partially Successful in Rescuing Hornworms fromAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Phage host range: determinants, dynamics and applications.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Article
- Isolation, characterization, and proof of concept evaluation of serially adapted bacteriophages against multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli.Folia microbiologica · 2026Article
- Directed evolution of phage Romulus in biofilm-embeddedBiofilm · 2026Article
- Translational Quantitative Proteomic Assay for Bacteriophages: A New Frontier in Phage Pharmaceutical Development.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Phage Therapy Beyond Static Pharmaceuticals: A Framework for Controlled Evolutionary Platforms.Viruses · 2026Review
- From structure to design: experimental and AI-driven approaches in receptor-binding protein engineering for reprogramming phage host range.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Modeling the Phage Properties Best for Therapy.Viruses · 2026Article
- Diverse Bacterial Anti-Phage Strategies: From the Laboratory to the Clinic.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Phage cocktails: state-of-the-art technologies and strategies for effective design.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- Key directions of fundamental research on bacteriophage Receptor Binding Proteins with applied potential.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Modeling the phage properties best for therapy.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Prolonged disease remission of the chronic immunological skin disorder hidradenitis suppurativa with adjunctive bacteriophage therapy.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Unveiling Host Interactions and Evolutionary Constraints of a Novel Bacteriophage Infecting Xanthomonas hortorum pv. vitians.Environmental microbiology reports · 2025Article
58 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The 'Appelmans protocol' is used by Eastern European researchers to generate therapeutic phages with novel lytic host ranges. Phage cocktails are iteratively grown on a suite of mostly refractory bacterial isolates until the evolved cocktail can lyse the phage-resistant strains. To study this process, we developed a modified protocol using a cocktail of three
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.