ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2019
Ginsenoside Rk1 Induces Apoptosis in Neuroblastoma Cells Through Loss of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and Activation of Caspases.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- The rise of dehydrated ginsenosides: phytochemistry and pharmacology.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Ginsenoside-Mediated Ferroptosis Regulation: Bidirectional Effects and Therapeutic Potential in Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Immunomodulatory Activities of Emerging Rare Ginsenosides F1, Rg5, Rk1, Rh1, and Rg2: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Applications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Ginsenoside RK1 Induces Ferroptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells through an FSP1-Dependent Pathway.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Therapeutic potential of ginseng leaf extract in inhibiting mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation and atopic dermatitis-like skin inflammation in DNCB-treated mice.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Therapeutic Applications of Ginseng Natural Compounds for Health Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Advances in the biosynthesis and metabolic engineering of rare ginsenosides.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2023Review
- Emerging therapeutic targets for neuroblastoma.Expert opinion on therapeutic targets · 2020Review
- Regulation of Mitochondrial Quality Control by Natural Drugs in the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases: Potential and Advantages.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2020Review
- Long Non Coding RNA SNHG16 Facilitates Proliferation, Migration, Invasion and Autophagy of Neuroblastoma Cells via Sponging miR-542-3p and Upregulating ATG5 Expression.OncoTargets and therapy · 2020Article
- Ginsenoside Compound K Induces Ros-Mediated Apoptosis and Autophagic Inhibition in Human Neuroblastoma Cells In Vitro and In Vivo.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common childhood cancer, with a very poor prognosis. More than 60% of children with NB die within five years; therefore, a more effective therapy for NB is required. Although ginsenoside has been shown to significantly inhibit the growth of various cancers, the effect of ginsenoside Rk1 on neuroblastoma has not been known yet. Hence, we examined the anticancer effects of highly pure Rk1 on neuroblastoma cell lines. The apoptotic effects of Rk1 on neuroblastoma cells were examined using cell viability assay, flow cytometry and cell staining assay, and the change in gene expression levels were analysed using RT-PCR, western blots, and immunohistochemistry. The metastatic effect of Rk1 was monitored by wound healing assay, invasion and migration with Matrigels. Rk1 inhibited neuroblastoma cell viability dose-dependently. Rk1-induced apoptosis was investigated through nuclear condensation and mitochondrial membrane potential loss, and it showed that Rk1 can induce cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase but also inhibit the metastatic ability of neuroblastoma cells. Moreover, Rk1 (30 mg/kg) injections markedly inhibited xenograft tumor growth. These findings demonstrate that Rk1 might be valuable in the development of anti-cancer agents for neuroblastoma treatment.
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