ArticleArthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)2019
Galectin-9 and CXCL10 as Biomarkers for Disease Activity in Juvenile Dermatomyositis: A Longitudinal Cohort Study and Multicohort Validation.
Article in Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Treating juvenile dermatomyositis to target: Paediatric Rheumatology European Society/Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance-endorsed recommendations from an international task force.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2025Guideline
- Galectin-9 expression correlates with therapeutic effect in rheumatoid arthritis.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Juvenile Myositis: Insights on Classification, Pathogenesis, and Therapies Over the Past 50 Years.Arthritis care & research · 2026Review
- IFN-related gene expression defines disease activity, organ involvement and treatment response in JDM.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Update on clinimetric assessments in juvenile dermatomyositis: conceptual foundations, current tools, and future directions : (Narrative review describing the development, validation, and application of clinimetric outcome measures in juvenile dermatomyositis).Pediatric rheumatology online journal · 2026Review
- Distinct by Design: Unraveling the Unique Clinical and Transcriptomic Identity of Juvenile Scleromyositis Overlap Compared to Juvenile Systemic Sclerosis and Juvenile Dermatomyositis: Implications for Care and Pathogenesis.ACR open rheumatology · 2026Article
- Dried Blood Spot for CXCL-10 and Tacrolimus: Integrated Non-Invasive Monitoring to Guide Personalized Treatment in Adult Kidney Transplant Recipients.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Juvenile dermatomyositis: new insights into pathogenesis and clinical applications.Pediatric rheumatology online journal · 2025Review
- Advances in JDM: biomarker and MRI sensitivity, outcomes and steroid management in a Dutch national prospective cohort.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Interferon Response Gene Score in Juvenile Dermatomyositis.The Journal of rheumatology · 2025Article
- Modulating IL-21-driven B cell responses in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies via inhibition of the JAK/STAT pathway.Arthritis research & therapy · 2025Article
- Juvenile Dermatomyositis: Updates in Pathogenesis and Biomarkers, Current Treatment, and Emerging Targeted Therapies.Paediatric drugs · 2025Review
- Unmasking inflammation in juvenile dermatomyositis: myokine profiles of patients and bioengineered human muscle.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Shared and Distinctive Inflammation-Related Protein Profiling in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy with/without Anti-MDA5 Autoantibodies.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- The role of monocytes and macrophages in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: insights into pathogenesis and potential targets.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Discovery of new myositis genetic associations through leveraging other immune-mediated diseases.HGG advances · 2024Article
- Updates on efficacy and safety janus kinase inhibitors in juvenile dermatomyositis.Expert review of clinical immunology · 2024Review
- Artificial intelligence for nailfold capillaroscopy analyses - a proof of concept application in juvenile dermatomyositis.Pediatric research · 2024Article
- [Advances in the diagnostics and treatment of juvenile dermatomyositis].Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2024Review
- Immunological characteristics of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood across connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
31 authors at 13 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveObjective evaluation of disease activity is challenging in patients with juvenile dermatomyositis (DM) due to a lack of reliable biomarkers, but it is crucial to avoid both under- and overtreatment of patients. Recently, we identified 2 proteins, galectin-9 and CXCL10, whose levels are highly correlated with the extent of juvenile DM disease activity. This study was undertaken to validate galectin-9 and CXCL10 as biomarkers for disease activity in juvenile DM, and to assess their disease specificity and potency in predicting the occurrence of flares.
methodsLevels of galectin-9 and CXCL10 were measured by multiplex immunoassay in serum samples from 125 unique patients with juvenile DM in 3 international cross-sectional cohorts and a local longitudinal cohort. The disease specificity of both proteins was examined in 50 adult patients with DM or nonspecific myositis (NSM) and 61 patients with other systemic autoimmune diseases.
resultsBoth cross-sectionally and longitudinally, galectin-9 and CXCL10 outperformed the currently used laboratory marker, creatine kinase (CK), in distinguishing between juvenile DM patients with active disease and those in remission (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] 0.86-0.90 for galectin-9 and CXCL10; AUC 0.66-0.68 for CK). The sensitivity and specificity for active disease in juvenile DM was 0.84 and 0.92, respectively, for galectin-9 and 0.87 and 1.00, respectively, for CXCL10. In 10 patients with juvenile DM who experienced a flare and were prospectively followed up, continuously elevated or rising biomarker levels suggested an imminent flare up to several months before the onset of symptoms, even in the absence of elevated CK levels. Galectin-9 and CXCL10 distinguished between active disease and remission in adult patients with DM or NSM (P = 0.0126 for galectin-9 and P < 0.0001 for CXCL10) and were suited for measurement in minimally invasive dried blood spots (healthy controls versus juvenile DM, P = 0.0040 for galectin-9 and P < 0.0001 for CXCL10).
conclusionIn this study, galectin-9 and CXCL10 were validated as sensitive and reliable biomarkers for disease activity in juvenile DM. Implementation of these biomarkers into clinical practice as tools to monitor disease activity and guide treatment might facilitate personalized treatment strategies.
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