ArticleGlia2019
Transforming growth factor-beta renders ageing microglia inhibitory to oligodendrocyte generation by CNS progenitors.
Article in Glia, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role and Mechanism of Microglia in White Matter Injury Recovery in Ischemic Stroke.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Pooled it
- Review
- Failed resolution of inflammation in intracerebral haemorrhage.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Profiling miRNAs Involved in Human Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cell Differentiation and Maturation.Cells · 2026Article
- The molecular asynchrony of single cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Microglia in diffuse midline glioma contribute to extracellular matrix remodelling and cancer cell invasion.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Comparative Analysis of Mouse CSF Proteins in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model and Cuprizone-Induced Demyelination Model by Olink Proteomics.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Profiling miRNAs involved in Human Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cell Differentiation and Maturation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Role of transforming growth factorβ in neurovascular unit during cerebral small vessel disease.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2025Review
- The age-dependent neuroglial interaction with peripheral immune cells in coronavirus-induced neuroinflammation with a special emphasis on COVID-19.Biogerontology · 2025Review
- Cellular Components of the Blood-Brain Barrier and Their Involvement in Aging-Associated Cognitive Impairment.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Ageing impairs the regenerative capacity of regulatory T cells in mouse central nervous system remyelination.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Roles and regulation of microglia activity in multiple sclerosis: insights from animal models.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2023Review
- Aging microglia.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023Review
- Article
- Biological agents and the aging brain: glial inflammation and neurotoxic signaling.Frontiers in aging · 2023Review
- New strategies of neurodegenerative disease treatment with extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).Theranostics · 2023Review
- Enhancing axonal myelination in seniors: A review exploring the potential impact cannabis has on myelination in the aged brain.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
It is now well-established that the macrophage and microglial response to CNS demyelination influences remyelination by removing myelin debris and secreting a variety of signaling molecules that influence the behaviour of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). Previous studies have shown that changes in microglia contribute to the age-related decline in the efficiency of remyelination. In this study, we show that microglia increase their expression of the proteoglycan NG2 with age, and that this is associated with an altered micro-niche generated by aged, but not young, microglia that can divert the differentiation OPCs from oligodendrocytes into astrocytes in vitro. We further show that these changes in ageing microglia are generated by exposure to high levels of TGFβ. Thus, our findings suggest that the rising levels of circulating TGFβ known to occur with ageing contribute to the age-related decline in remyelination by impairing the ability of microglia to promote oligodendrocyte differentiation from OPCs, and therefore could be a potential therapeutic target to promote remyelination.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.