Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30860026›Full record

ArticleeLife2019

Bim escapes displacement by BH3-mimetic anti-cancer drugs by double-bolt locking both Bcl-XL and Bcl-2.

Qian Liu, Elizabeth J Osterlund, Xiaoke Chi, Justin Pogmore, Brian Leber, David William Andrews

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in eLife, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. MTCH2 promotes BAX and BAK self-assembly and apoptotic pore growth.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2026
    Article
  4. BCL-2 and BCL-xL in Cancer: Regulation, Function, and Therapeutic Targeting.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Qian LiuBiological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada.
Elizabeth J OsterlundBiological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada.
Xiaoke ChiDepartment of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-5269-8389
Justin PogmoreDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Brian LeberDepartment of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
David William AndrewsDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-9266-7157
University of Toronto · CAMcMaster University · CASunnybrook Hospital · CA

Funding

Canada Research Chairs Tier 1CIHR FDN143312
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tumor initiation, progression and resistance to chemotherapy rely on cancer cells bypassing programmed cell death by apoptosis. We report that unlike other pro-apoptotic proteins, Bim contains two distinct binding sites for the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-XL and Bcl-2. These include the BH3 sequence shared with other pro-apoptotic proteins and an unexpected sequence located near the Bim carboxyl-terminus (residues 181-192). Using automated Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy - Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FLIM-FRET) we show that the two binding interfaces enable Bim to double-bolt lock Bcl-XL and Bcl-2 in complexes resistant to displacement by BH3-mimetic drugs currently in use or being evaluated for cancer therapy. Quantifying in live cells the contributions of individual amino acids revealed that residue L185 previously thought involved in binding Bim to membranes, instead contributes to binding to anti-apoptotic proteins. This double-bolt lock mechanism has profound implications for the utility of BH3-mimetics as drugs. ​.

Indexed as

Drug Resistance, NeoplasmAntineoplastic AgentsApoptosisApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsBcl-2-Like Protein 11bcl-X ProteinCell Line, TumorDisease ProgressionFluorescence Resonance Energy TransferHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMCF-7 CellsNeoplasmsProtein DomainsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2Antineoplastic AgentsApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsBCL2L11 protein, humanBCL2L1 protein, humanBcl-2-Like Protein 11BCL2 protein, humanbcl-X ProteinProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2apoptosisBcl-2 family proteinsBH3-mimetic drugscancer biologycell biologyfluorescence lifetime imagingForster resonance energy transfernonetissue culture cells

Identifiers

PMID30860026
PMCPMC6414199
OpenAlexW2919393250

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.