ReviewFrontiers in immunology2019
Autoimmunity in Parkinson's Disease: The Role of α-Synuclein-Specific T Cells.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 101 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Autoimmune Features of Neurodegenerative Disorders
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Single Center, Phase 2, Efficacy and Safety Study of Allogeneic HB-adMSCs vs Placebo for the Treatment of Patients With Parkinson's Disease
Who cites it
101 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 157 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis of Parkinson's Disease Associated Genetic Loci and Validation of Therapeutic Targets.Brain and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- Impaired regulatory T-cell-mediated immune tolerance promotes neurodegeneration in glaucoma.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- The neuroimmune network in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases: from mechanistic insights to biomarker-guided immunotherapies and clinical translation.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Serum ferritin, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio are associated with levodopa-induced dyskinesia severity in Parkinson's disease.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Functional alterations of peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets in patients with Parkinson disease: A review.Medicine · 2026Review
- Toxic Alpha-Synuclein and the Opening of the Gate: Blood-Brain Barrier Damage and Stepwise Leukocyte Infiltration.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- C1q-dependent clearance of alpha-synuclein allows macrophages to transiently limit enteric synucleinopathy in male mice.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Comparative Analysis of T-Cell Signatures and Astroglial Reactivity in Parkinson's Pathology Across Animal Models with Distinct Regenerative Capacities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- LAG3 limits regulatory T cell proliferation in α-synuclein gut-to-brain transmission model.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Unraveling the Role of Proteinopathies in Parasitic Infections.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- The interaction of tPA with NMDAR1 drives neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in α-synuclein-mediated neurotoxicity.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Genetic analyses identify circulating genes related to brain structures associated with Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2025Article
- Review
- Prognostic significance of peripheral lymphocyte counts in Parkinson's disease.Clinical parkinsonism & related disorders · 2025Article
- Peripheral monocyte transcriptional signatures of inflammation and oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Neuromodulation influences T lymphocyte calcium signaling and alpha synuclein clearance: implications for Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Review
- Medicinal chemistry perspective of JAK inhibitors: synthesis, biological profile, selectivity, and structure activity relationship.Molecular diversity · 2024Review
- Review
- Suppression of the JAK/STAT pathway inhibits neuroinflammation in the line 61-PFF mouse model of Parkinson's disease.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Assessing serum anti-nuclear antibodies HEp-2 patterns in synucleinopathies.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2024Article
41 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Evidence from a variety of studies implicates a role for the adaptive immune system in Parkinson's disease (PD). Similar to multiple sclerosis (MS) patients who display a high number of T cells in the brain attacking oligodendrocytes, PD patients show higher numbers of T cells in the ventral midbrain than healthy, age-matched controls. Mouse models of the disease also show the presence of T cells in the brain. The role of these infiltrating T cells in the propagation of disease is controversial; however, recent studies indicate that they may be autoreactive in nature, recognizing disease-altered self-proteins as foreign antigens. T cells of PD patients can generate an autoimmune response to α-synuclein, a protein that is aggregated in PD. α-Synuclein and other proteins are post-translationally modified in an environment in which protein processing is altered, possibly leading to the generation of neo-epitopes, or self-peptides that have not been identified by the host immune system as non-foreign. Infiltrating T cells may also be responding to such modified proteins. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have shown associations of PD with haplotypes of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II genes, and a polymorphism in a non-coding region that may increase MHC class II in PD patients. We speculate that the inflammation observed in PD may play both pathogenic and protective roles. Future studies on the adaptive immune system in neurodegenerative disorders may elucidate steps in disease pathogenesis and assist with the development of both biomarkers and treatments.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.