ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2019
Associations between Obesity, Obesogenic Environments, and Structural Racism Vary by County-Level Racial Composition.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 111 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of co-ethnic exposure and cardiometabolic outcomes in racial and ethnic minoritized populations.Public health reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effects of Responsiveness and Responsibility Parenting Factors on Family Mealtime Outcomes in Overweight African American Adolescents.Nutrients · 2024Trial
- Differential impact of telehealth extended-care programs for weight-loss maintenance in African American versus white adults.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Association Between Food and Physical Activity Environments and Adult Obesity in the United States: A Multilevel Analysis.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Structural Drivers of Neighborhood Food Access: Implications for Policy Change.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2026Article
- Obesity and the experienced cultural, economic, and climate variations among immigrants to high-income countries: An umbrella review of the literature.Public health nutrition · 2026Review
- Pathways between race, structural racism, and obesity across census tracts in the United States.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Obesity and Weight Management in HIV: Epidemiology, Complications, and Emerging Treatments.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2026Review
- The Association of County-level Structural Racism with Risk Factors for Negative Maternal Health and Birth Outcomes among Non-Hispanic Black People of Childbearing Age.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- A Standard Measure of Structural Racism, Do We Have One? Can We Have One? A Narrative Review of Commonly Used Measures and Domains of Use.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Review
- Why Do Black Women Have a Higher Obesity Prevalence Than White Women in the United States?Demography · 2025Article
- Article
- Rationale and design of a race-conscious, school-linked, pilot randomized controlled trial to improve physical activity and dietary behaviors of Black adolescent daughter/mother dyads.Contemporary clinical trials · 2025Article
- Assessing the Influence of Redlining on Intergenerational Wealth and Body Mass Index Through a Quasi-experimental Framework.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- National-level and state-level prevalence of overweight and obesity among children, adolescents, and adults in the USA, 1990-2021, and forecasts up to 2050.Lancet (London, England) · 2024Article
- Satellite-Based and Street-View Green Space and Adiposity in US Children.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: The question of long-term high-normal alanine aminotransferase as a screening test.World journal of gastroenterology · 2024Article
- The community food environment as an effect modifier of the relationship between racial discrimination and food insecurity among adults in Southern Brazil.International journal for equity in health · 2024Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Obesity rates in the U.S. are associated with area-level, food-related characteristics. Studies have previously examined the role of structural racism (policies/practices that advantaged White Americans and deprived other racial/ethnic minority groups), but racial inequalities in socioeconomic status (SES) is a novel indicator. The aim of this study is to determine the associations between racial inequalities in SES with obesity and obesogenic environments. Data from 2007⁻2014 County Health Rankings and 2012⁻2016 County Business Patterns were combined to assess the associations between relative SES comparing Blacks to Whites with obesity, and number of grocery stores and fast food restaurants in U.S. counties. Random effects linear and Poisson regressions were used and stratified by county racial composition. Racial inequality in poverty, unemployment, and homeownership were associated with higher obesity rates. Racial inequality in median income, college graduates, and unemployment were associated with fewer grocery stores and more fast food restaurants. Associations varied by county racial composition. The results demonstrate that a novel indicator of structural racism on the county-level is associated with obesity and obesogenic environments. Associations vary by SES measure and county racial composition, suggesting the ability for targeted interventions to improve obesogenic environments and policies to eliminate racial inequalities in SES.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.