ArticleMedicine2019
Effects of tramadol on emergence agitation after general anesthesia for nasal surgery: A retrospective cohort study.
Article in Medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Comparison of remimazolam and desflurane in emergence agitation after general anesthesia for nasal surgery: a prospective randomized controlled study.Korean journal of anesthesiology · 2024Trial
- Effects of intraoperative Magnesium sulfate infusion on emergency agitation during general anesthesia in patients undergoing radical mastectomy: a randomized controlled study.BMC anesthesiology · 2023Trial
- Prophylactic administration of diphenhydramine/paracetamol reduced emergence agitation and postoperative pain following maxillofacial surgeries: a randomized controlled trial.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2022Trial
- Comparison of emergence agitation between succinylcholine and rocuronium-sugammadex in adults following closed reduction of a nasal bone fracture: a prospective randomized controlled trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2019Trial
- Effect of ketamine on emergence agitation following septoplasty: a randomized clinical trial.Brazilian journal of anesthesiology (Elsevier)Trial
- Sevoflurane multiple Wash In/Wash Out at the end of anesthesia to reduce agitation: a multicenter double-blind randomized controlled trial (OPERA).Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care · 2026Article
- Article
- Intranasal Dexmedetomidine vs. Oral Midazolam in Pediatric Emergence Agitation Management Following Anesthesia; A Double Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.Archives of academic emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Sevoflurane multiple Wash In/Wash Out at the end of anesthesia to reduce agitation: A multicenter double-blind randomized controlled trial.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2024Article
- Intramuscular Ketamine Effect on Postnasal Surgery Agitation: A Prospective Double-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial.Anesthesiology research and practice · 2023Article
- Effects of chlorpheniramine on emergence agitation after general anesthesia for ureteroscopic stone surgery: a retrospective cohort study.Anesthesia and pain medicine · 2022Article
- Effect of Preoperative Thoracic Paravertebral Blocks on Emergence Agitation During Tracheal Extubation: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Related Factors and Treatment of Postoperative Delirium in Old Adult Patients: An Integrative Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Emergence agitation: current knowledge and unresolved questions.Korean journal of anesthesiology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Emergence agitation (EA) is common after nasal surgery. Strong opioids and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists prevent EA. Tramadol also acts as an opioid receptor agonist and an NMDA receptor antagonist, but few studies have evaluated the effects of tramadol on EA. This retrospective study investigated whether tramadol is effective for reducing EA in adult patients undergoing nasal surgery.Of 210 adult patients undergoing a nasal surgical procedure under general anesthesia, the medical records of 113 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into 2 groups: patients who received tramadol during the operation (tramadol group, n = 52) and patients who did not (control group, n = 61). The incidence of EA, recovery time, changes in hemodynamic parameters, postoperative pain scores, and adverse events were compared between the 2 groups.The incidence of EA was higher in the control group than in the tramadol group (50.8% [31/61] vs 26.9% [14/52]; odds ratio 2.805; 95% confidence interval, 1.3 to 6.2; P = .010). Changes in systolic blood pressure in the 2 groups were similar, whereas changes in heart rate during emergence differed depending on the group (P = .020), although pairwise comparisons did not reveal any differences between the groups. Recovery time, postoperative pain scores, and adverse events were similar in the 2 groups.In adult patients undergoing nasal surgery, tramadol infusion decreases the incidence of EA after sevoflurane anesthesia without delaying recovery or increasing the number of adverse events.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.