ArticleNucleic acids research2019
GSK3β-SCFFBXW7α mediated phosphorylation and ubiquitination of IRF1 are required for its transcription-dependent turnover.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interferon Regulatory Factors in Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease: Cell-Type Programs, Danger Signaling, and Therapeutic Opportunities.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Hepatic NMNAT1 is required to defend against alcohol-associated fatty liver disease.Science advances · 2025Article
- Phosphorylation of auxin signaling repressor IAA8 by heat-responsive MPKs causes defective flower development.Plant physiology · 2024Article
- The multiple roles of interferon regulatory factor family in health and disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Roles of Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 in Tumor Progression and Regression: Two Sides of a Coin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
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- CSNK2B modulates IRF1 binding to functional DNA elements and promotes basal and agonist-induced antiviral signaling.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- SPOP mutations promote tumor immune escape in endometrial cancer via the IRF1-PD-L1 axis.Cell death and differentiation · 2023Article
- Interferon regulatory factor 3 mediates effective antiviral responses to human coronavirus 229E and OC43 infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- SUMO monoclonal antibodies vary in sensitivity, specificity, and ability to detect types of SUMO conjugate.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Interrogating glioma-M2 macrophage interactions identifies Gal-9/Tim-3 as a viable target againstScience advances · 2022Article
- Article
- Negative Regulation of the Innate Immune Response through Proteasomal Degradation and Deubiquitination.Viruses · 2021Review
- Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) and anti-pathogen innate immune responses.PLoS pathogens · 2021Review
- Interferon Regulatory Factors IRF1 and IRF7 Directly Regulate Gene Expression in Bats in Response to Viral Infection.Cell reports · 2020Article
- IκB kinase-ε-mediated phosphorylation triggers IRF-1 degradation in breast cancer cells.Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
IRF1 (Interferon Regulatory Factor-1) is the prototype of the IRF family of DNA binding transcription factors. IRF1 protein expression is regulated by transient up-regulation in response to external stimuli followed by rapid degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Here we report that DNA bound IRF1 turnover is promoted by GSK3β (Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β) via phosphorylation of the T181 residue which generates a phosphodegron for the SCF (Skp-Cul-Fbox) ubiquitin E3-ligase receptor protein Fbxw7α (F-box/WD40 7). This regulated turnover is essential for IRF1 activity, as mutation of T181 results in an improperly stabilized protein that accumulates at target promoters but fails to induce RNA-Pol-II elongation and subsequent transcription of target genes. Consequently, the anti-proliferative activity of IRF1 is lost in cell lines expressing T181A mutant. Further, cell lines with dysfunctional Fbxw7 are less sensitive to IRF1 overexpression, suggesting an important co-activator function for this ligase complex. As T181 phosphorylation requires both DNA binding and RNA-Pol-II elongation, we propose that this event acts to clear 'spent' molecules of IRF1 from transcriptionally engaged target promoters.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.