Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30852542›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2019

Beliefs, practices and knowledge of community pharmacists regarding complementary and alternative medicine: national cross-sectional study in Lebanon.

Mohamad Ali Hijazi, Hibeh Shatila, Abdalla El-Lakany, Maha Aboul Ela, Samer Kharroubi, Mohamad Alameddine, Farah Naja

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  13. An exploration of the self-perceived nutrition competencies of pharmacists.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Mohamad Ali HijaziDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Hibeh ShatilaDepartment of Nutrition and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Abdalla El-LakanyDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Maha Aboul ElaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Samer KharroubiDepartment of Nutrition and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Mohamad Alameddine *Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.ORCID 0000-0002-2299-1242
Farah Naja *Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPharmacists are uniquely positioned to provide patients with evidence-based information in order to ensure effective and safe use of Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) products.

objectiveAssess beliefs, practices and knowledge related to CAM products among community pharmacists in Lebanon. DESIGN, METHODS AND

settingUsing stratified random sampling, a nationally representative survey was conducted among community pharmacists in Lebanon. Through face-to-face interviews, pharmacists completed a multicomponent questionnaire consisting of four sections: (1) sociodemographic characteristics; (2) beliefs related to regulation of CAM products, role of media in promoting their safe use, availability of resources and continuing education; (3) practices including selling CAM products, providing advice for patients and reporting adverse effects and (4) knowledge about specific CAM products, their uses, side effects and interactions.

resultsA total of 341 pharmacists agreed to participate (response rate: 86%). Only pharmacists with complete data were included in this study (n=310). Pharmacists agreed that CAM products are effective (63.8%) and that they should be exclusively sold in pharmacies (80.3%), but disagreed that commercially marketed CAM products are well regulated (63.5%) and that media plays a positive role in educating users about these products (55.8%). As for practices, 64.5% of pharmacists were always or often advising patients on safe use; however, 74.2% of participants rarely or never reported adverse effects. Regarding knowledge, although the majority of pharmacists were aware of the uses of CAM products, fewer knew about their side effects and their interactions with drugs. After adjustment for covariates, receiving education/training on CAM products during university was the sole predictor of higher knowledge score (ß=0.68, 95% CI 0.29 to 1.07).

conclusionsThis study revealed positive beliefs of pharmacists in Lebanon towards CAM products and indicated important gaps in their practice and knowledge. Deliberate efforts to enhance the education of pharmacists are warranted to ensure the safe integration and use of CAM products in Lebanon.

Indexed as

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeAdultCommunity Pharmacy ServicesComplementary TherapiesCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansLebanonMaleMiddle AgedPharmacistsProfessional PracticeSurveys and Questionnairescommunitycomplementary medicinehealth policylebanonnational cross sectional studypharmacist

Identifiers

PMID30852542
PMCPMC6429928

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.