Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30843118›Full record

ArticleBrain informatics2019

The role of artificial intelligence and machine learning in harmonization of high-resolution post-mortem MRI (virtopsy) with respect to brain microstructure.

Shane O'Sullivan, Helmut Heinsen, Lea Tenenholz Grinberg, Leila Chimelli, Edson Amaro, Paulo Hilário do Nascimento Saldiva, Fleur Jeanquartier, Claire Jean-Quartier, Maria da Graça Morais Martin, Mohammed Imran Sajid and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brain informatics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. The need for integrated research autopsies in the era of precision oral medicine.Journal of the American Dental Association (1939) · 2023
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Shane O'SullivanDepartment of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. doctorshaneosullivan@gmail.com.
Helmut HeinsenDepartment of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Lea Tenenholz GrinbergMorphological Brain Research Unit, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Leila ChimelliLaboratory of Neuropathology, State Institute of Brain, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Edson AmaroInstitute of Radiology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Paulo Hilário do Nascimento SaldivaDepartment of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Fleur JeanquartierHolzinger Group, Institute for Medical Informatics and Statistics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Claire Jean-QuartierHolzinger Group, Institute for Medical Informatics and Statistics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Maria da Graça Morais MartinInstitute of Radiology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Mohammed Imran SajidDepartment of Upper GI Surgery, Wirral University Teaching Hospital, Birkenhead, United Kingdom.
Andreas HolzingerHolzinger Group, Institute for Medical Informatics and Statistics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.

Funding

Neuropathological changes underlying clinical heterogeneity in Alzheimer diseaseK24AG053435 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI GRINBERG, LEA TENENHOLZ · 2016 to 2025
$1.8M
NIA NIH HHS K24 AG053435
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Enhanced resolution of 7 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners has considerably advanced our knowledge of structure and function in human and animal brains. Post-industrialized countries are particularly prone to an ever-increasing number of ageing individuals and ageing-associated neurodegenerative diseases. Neurodegenerative diseases are associated with volume loss in the affected brain. MRI diagnoses and monitoring of subtle volume changes in the ageing/diseased brains have the potential to become standard diagnostic tools. Even with the superior resolution of 7 T MRI scanners, the microstructural changes comprising cell types, cell numbers, and cellular processes, are still undetectable. Knowledge of origin, nature, and progression for microstructural changes are necessary to understand pathogenetic stages in the relentless neurodegenerative diseases, as well as to develop therapeutic tools that delay or stop neurodegenerative processes at their earliest stage. We illustrate the gap in resolution by comparing the identical regions of the post-mortem in situ 7 T MR images (virtual autopsy or virtopsy) with the histological observations in serial sections through the same brain. We also described the protocols and limitations associated with these comparisons, as well as the necessity of supercomputers and data management for "Big data". Analysis of neuron and/or glial number by using a body of mathematical tools and guidelines (stereology) is time-consuming, cumbersome, and still restricted to trained human investigators. Development of tools based on machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) could considerably accelerate studies on localization, onset, and progression of neuron loss. Finally, these observations could disentangle the mechanisms of volume loss into stages of reversible atrophy and/or irreversible fatal cell death. This AI- and ML-based cooperation between virtopsy and histology could bridge the present gap between virtual reality and neuropathology. It could also culminate in the creation of an imaging-associated comprehensive database. This database would include genetic, clinical, epidemiological, and technical aspects that could help to alleviate or even stop the adverse effects of neurodegenerative diseases on affected individuals, their families, and society.

Indexed as

7 T post-mortem MRIBrain mappingDisectorNeurodegenerative diseasesNeuroimagingStereology

Identifiers

PMID30843118
PMCPMC6403267

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.