ReviewGland surgery2019
Strategies and considerations in selecting between subpectoral and prepectoral breast reconstruction.
Review in Gland surgery, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Complications After Prepectoral Versus Subpectoral Breast Reconstruction in Patients Receiving Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2024Pooled it
- The use of porcine acellular dermal matrices in implant-based breast reconstruction: A systematic literature review.JPRAS open · 2026Review
- Comparison of Secondary Procedures and Complications Between Subpectoral and Prepectoral Direct-to-implant-based Breast Reconstruction: 5-year Retrospective Analysis.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2026Article
- Machine Learning Model to Predict Postmastectomy Breast Reconstruction Complications.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Revisiting Total Subpectoral Breast Reconstruction: Technical Refinements for Improved Outcomes.Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum · 2026Article
- Comparative outcomes of prepectoralGland surgery · 2025Article
- Outcome of Prepectoral Direct-to-Implant Breast Reconstruction With the Poly-4-hydroxybutyrate Wrap.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2025Article
- Skin-and Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy with Immediate Breast Reconstruction via Prepectoral Prosthesis Placement Approach and Lipofilling of the Skin Cover for Small- and Medium-Sized Breasts: A Retrospective Study.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2025Article
- Mesh for immediate implant-based prepectoral breast reconstruction following mastectomy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Article
- Nipple Position and Clinical Outcomes Following Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy: An Examination of Prepectoral and Subpectoral Implant-Based Reconstruction Utilizing 3D Imaging.Aesthetic surgery journal · 2025Article
- Management of Breast Cancer by Skin-Reducing Mastectomy and Immediate Breast Reconstruction by Prepectoral Implant Approach with Polypropylene Mesh for Patients with Large Breasts.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2025Article
- Article
- Outcomes of ADM-Assisted Implant-based Breast Reconstructions According to Division Types of the Pectoralis Major Muscle.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2025Article
- Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Generator Replacement and Breast Implant Revision-A Combined Case.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Breast Cancer Local Recurrence Risk in Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction with Macrotexturized and Microtexturized Prosthesis: A Multicentric Retrospective Cohort Study.Indian journal of plastic surgery : official publication of the Association of Plastic Surgeons of India · 2024Article
- A Single-center Comparison of Surgical Outcomes following Prepectoral and Subpectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2024Article
- Current Global Trends in Prepectoral Breast Reconstruction.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Improvement of Shoulder Motion in Two-Stage Dual-Plane Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction followed by Radiation Therapy through Delayed Prepectoral Conversion.Archives of plastic surgery · 2024Article
- Prepectoral versus subpectoral two-stage implant-based breast reconstruction: U.S. medical center experience and narrative review.Annals of translational medicine · 2023Review
- Prepectoral Versus Subpectoral Direct-to-Implant Breast Reconstruction: Evaluation of Patient's Quality of Life and Satisfaction with BREAST-Q.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Implant-based breast reconstruction has evolved through advances in mastectomy and reconstruction techniques to offer excellent outcomes with both prepectoral and subpectoral implant placement. Proper patient selection and surgical technique are key for optimizing outcomes and minimizing complications regardless of implant location. Therefore, familiarity with the benefits and limitations of each technique is vital. Several patient characteristics, such as history of significant comorbidities, radiation or active smoking, portend higher risk of complications with prepectoral reconstruction, in which case subpectoral implant placement may be a safer option. Oncologic consideration such as location and size of tumors also play an important role in determining the appropriate technique. The most critical factor in the success of prepectoral reconstruction is the quality of mastectomy flaps. Thorough intraoperative evaluation of mastectomy flap perfusion and viability will determine whether immediate prepectoral reconstruction is possible or other alternatives such as subpectoral or delayed prepectoral techniques should be considered. Discussing these factors with patients preemptively as well as developing a coordinated plan with the patient and oncologic surgeon will maximize success in both subpectoral and prepectoral implant-based reconstruction.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.