ReviewClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2019
A Primer on AmpC β-Lactamases: Necessary Knowledge for an Increasingly Multidrug-resistant World.
Review in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07167173 (Predictive Model for Multidrug Resistance in Patients Admitted to the Emergency Department With Sepsis), which is not on this map. Cited by 171 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Predictive Model for Multidrug Resistance in Patients Admitted to the Emergency Department With Sepsis
Who cites it
171 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prevalence of AmpC beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Characterizing Ertapenem Neurotoxicity: A Systematic Review and Experience at a Tertiary Medical Center.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Molecular epidemiological analysis of a suspected nosocomial outbreak of carbapenem-resistantInfection prevention in practice · 2026Article
- Population size modulates the transition from gene amplification-mediated heteroresistance to stable resistance.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2026Article
- Association Between Surgeons' Consideration of Suspected Biliary Contamination and Reported Antibiotic Duration After Pancreatoduodenectomy: An Exploratory Secondary Analysis of an International Survey.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Curtobacterium uvaldense sp. nov., Falsirhodobacter allii sp. nov., Pseudomonas texasensis sp. nov., Three Novel Species Isolated from Onions in Texas, USA.Current microbiology · 2026Article
- The PRECISE framework: a structured approach to antibiogram interpretation for antimicrobial optimization at the bedside.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2026Review
- Non canonical perspectives on AmpR mediated ampC expression in Gram negative bacteria, with particular emphasis on the potential regulatory purview of FtsZ.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Review
- Prevalence and β-Lactam Resistance of Enterobacterales Isolated from Urinary Samples in a Regional Hospital in Poland: Special Emphasis on Elderly Population.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Infection prevention and control strategies for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in healthcare: a narrative review.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Review
- Changes in antimicrobial resistance of clinical isolates of Proteus, Morganella, and Providencia species from regional hospitals in Zhejiang Province, 2020 ~ 2024.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Cefepime susceptibility testing in AmpC-hyperproducing Enterobacter cloacae complex: limitations of routine methods and a pragmatic diagnostic approach.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- Insights into antimicrobial resistance: dissemination and molecular epidemiology of carbapenemase and AmpC genes in uropathogenic Escherichia coli.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Trends in antimicrobial resistance of major gram-negative uropathogens, 2016-2024: A single center retrospective study.Investigative and clinical urology · 2026Article
- Review
- Phenotypic detection of ESBL, AmpC, and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae from retail fresh vegetables in Iwo, Nigeria.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Beta-Lactamase-Producing Strains Isolated in a Tertiary Nephrology Hospital in Romania.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Species identification and genotyping ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Battle of the mnemonics, SPACE versus HECK-Yes! A cross-sectional, nationwide survey of infectious diseases clinicians to evaluate clinical and microbiologic practice patterns for infections caused by Enterobacterales at risk of inducible AmpC production.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Article
111 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Understanding the nuances of AmpC β-lactamase-mediated resistance can be challenging, even for the infectious diseases specialist. AmpC resistance can be classified into 3 categories: (1) inducible chromosomal resistance that emerges in the setting of a β-lactam compound, (2) stable derepression due to mutations in ampC regulatory genes, or (3) the presence of plasmid-mediated ampC genes. This review will mainly focus on inducible AmpC resistance in Enterobacteriaceae. Although several observational studies have explored optimal treatment for AmpC producers, few provide reliable insights into effective management approaches. Heterogeneity within the data and inherent selection bias make inferences on effective β-lactam choices problematic. Most experts agree it is prudent to avoid expanded-spectrum (ie, third-generation) cephalosporins for the treatment of organisms posing the greatest risk of ampC induction, which has best been described in the context of Enterobacter cloacae infections. The role of other broad-spectrum β-lactams and the likelihood of ampC induction by other Enterobacteriaceae are less clear. We will review the mechanisms of resistance and triggers resulting in AmpC expression, the species-specific epidemiology of AmpC production, approaches to the detection of AmpC production, and treatment options for AmpC-producing infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.