ReviewFrontiers in neuroscience2019
Deciphering the Iron Side of Stroke: Neurodegeneration at the Crossroads Between Iron Dyshomeostasis, Excitotoxicity, and Ferroptosis.
Review in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 101 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
101 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 153 citations in OpenAlex.
- Experimental Evidence on Acupuncture Targeting Ferroptosis for Neurological Function Improvement in Cerebral Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Brain and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- Prediction of early neurological deterioration using quantitative susceptibility mapping in small artery occlusion ischemic stroke.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- Unveiling melatonin's multifaceted actions against ferroptotic neurotoxicity in ischemic stroke.Toxicology reports · 2026Review
- The association of a common HFE gene variant with stroke disability utilizing predictive machine learning and electronic health records.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Ferroptosis in Ischemic Stroke: Insights from Natural Product Treatment and Future Directions.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Targeting Ferroptosis for Cerebral Neuroprotection in Ischemic Stroke: Pathophysiological Insights.International journal of general medicine · 2026Review
- Heterogeneity of Microglia in Ischemic Stroke from the Perspective of Single-Cell RNA Sequencing: Subset Characteristics, Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.Journal of central nervous system disease · 2026Review
- Ferroptosis in vascular cognitive impairment: pathological mechanisms and traditional Chinese medicine interventions.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
- Mechanistic Approach to Ferroptosis in Cancer and Neurological Diseases.Current drug targets · 2026Review
- Interaction Between Microglial Lipid Droplet Metabolism and Immune Polarisation After Stroke: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Prospects.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Iron enhances reactive oxygen species generation and initiates neutrophil extracellular traps formation on the endothelium to exacerbate stroke.Journal of cell communication and signaling · 2025Article
- Prediction of Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment Based on Iron Metabolism Parameters: Results From A Prospective Study.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- The Crosstalk Between Ferritinophagy and Ferroptosis in Ischemic Stroke: Regulatory Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Effects of iron accumulation and its chelation on oxidative stress in intracortical implants.Acta biomaterialia · 2025Article
- Emerging Links Between Ferroptosis and Neurodegeneration: Implications for Disease Mechanisms and Nutraceutical Interventions.Food science & nutrition · 2025Review
- Oxidative Stress and Redox Imbalance: Common Mechanisms in Cancer Stem Cells and Neurodegenerative Diseases.Cells · 2025Review
- Different types of cell death and their interactions in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.Cell death discovery · 2025Review
- Electro-acupuncture Suppresses Ferroptosis to Alleviate Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through KAT3B-Mediated Succinylation of ACSL4.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Targeting Ferroptosis in Rare Neurological Disorders Including Pediatric Conditions: Innovations and Therapeutic Challenges.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- System Xc-pathway as a potential regulatory target in neurological disorders.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
41 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In general, iron represents a double-edged sword in metabolism in most tissues, especially in the brain. Although the high metabolic demands of brain cells require iron as a redox-active metal for ATP-producing enzymes, the brain is highly vulnerable to the devastating consequences of excessive iron-induced oxidative stress and, as recently found, to ferroptosis as well. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) protects the brain from fluctuations in systemic iron. Under pathological conditions, especially in acute brain pathologies such as stroke, the BBB is disrupted, and iron pools from the blood gain sudden access to the brain parenchyma, which is crucial in mediating stroke-induced neurodegeneration. Each brain cell type reacts with changes in their expression of proteins involved in iron uptake, efflux, storage, and mobilization to preserve its internal iron homeostasis, with specific organelles such as mitochondria showing specialized responses. However, during ischemia, neurons are challenged with excess extracellular glutamate in the presence of high levels of extracellular iron; this causes glutamate receptor overactivation that boosts neuronal iron uptake and a subsequent overproduction of membrane peroxides. This glutamate-driven neuronal death can be attenuated by iron-chelating compounds or free radical scavenger molecules. Moreover, vascular wall rupture in hemorrhagic stroke results in the accumulation and lysis of iron-rich red blood cells at the brain parenchyma and the subsequent presence of hemoglobin and heme iron at the extracellular milieu, thereby contributing to iron-induced lipid peroxidation and cell death. This review summarizes recent progresses made in understanding the ferroptosis component underlying both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke subtypes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.