ReviewNature reviews. Clinical oncology2019
Mechanisms of resistance to CAR T cell therapy.
Review in Nature reviews. Clinical oncology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07638982 (An Open-label, Phase I Trial, With an Expansion Cohort), which is not on this map. Cited by 697 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
An Open-label, Phase I Trial, With an Expansion Cohort: Macrophage Conditioning to Synergize With CAR-T in High-risk Lymphoma (MAC-SHIFT)
Who cites it
697 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 945 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Pembrolizumab Therapy for B-cell Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2025Pooled it
- Axicabtagene ciloleucel in combination with rituximab for refractory large B cell lymphoma: the phase 2, single-arm ZUMA-14 trial.Nature cancer · 2026Trial
- Inaticabtagene autoleucel in adult relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Blood advances · 2025Trial
- CAR-T-centered sequential therapy: current status, challenges, and future clinical perspectives.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Mapping the functional dark proteome in cancer.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
- In Vitro Inhibition of STAT5 Signaling Limits CD8+ T-cell Exhaustion and Improves Outcomes in Adoptive T-cell Therapy.Cancer immunology research · 2026Article
- Review
- Dual B -Cell Maturation Antigen/CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor- T Therapy for AL Amyloidosis : Targeting the Clone, Saving the Kidney.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2026Article
- Overcoming T cell exhaustion and senescence in CAR T cell therapy for solid tumors.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- Multi-dimensional orchestration of binders for improved CAR-T immunotherapy.Cancer letters · 2026Review
- CD28-ICOS costimulation enhances the therapeutic efficacy of L1CAM-targeted CAR-T cells against ovarian and gastric cancers.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Ultrasound controllable and antigen-independent killing viaMolecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- ICAM1-targeted costimulation extends HER2 CAR T cytotoxicity to HER2-low and HER2-negative tumors through synergy with TCR signaling.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Review
- TCR-JANUS engager proteins enable bispecific targeting to overcome tumor heterogeneity in TCR-T cell therapy.Science advances · 2026Article
- Co-delivery of lentiviral vectors and Cas9-containing virus-like particles enables rapid, scalable manufacture of gene-edited CAR T cells.Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characterization of CD8-targeted lentiviral vector forMolecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Antibody-Radionuclide Conjugates for Solid Tumors: Multidimensional Strategies from Component Engineering to Synergistic Combination Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Recent advances in molecular mechanisms to improve the efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy for viral diseases, cancer, and autoimmune diseases.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Review
- Umbilical cord blood-derived CAR-NK cells: an emerging off-the-shelf platform for cancer immunotherapy.International journal of hematology · 2026Review
637 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The successes with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy in early clinical trials involving patients with pre-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) or B cell lymphomas have revolutionized anticancer therapy, providing a potentially curative option for patients who are refractory to standard treatments. These trials resulted in rapid FDA approvals of anti-CD19 CAR T cell products for both ALL and certain types of B cell lymphoma - the first approved gene therapies in the USA. However, growing experience with these agents has revealed that remissions will be brief in a substantial number of patients owing to poor CAR T cell persistence and/or cancer cell resistance resulting from antigen loss or modulation. Furthermore, the initial experience with CAR T cells has highlighted challenges associated with manufacturing a patient-specific therapy. Understanding the limitations of CAR T cell therapy will be critical to realizing the full potential of this novel treatment approach. Herein, we discuss the factors that can preclude durable remissions following CAR T cell therapy, with a primary focus on the resistance mechanisms that underlie disease relapse. We also provide an overview of potential strategies to overcome these obstacles in an effort to more effectively incorporate this unique therapeutic strategy into standard treatment paradigms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.