ArticleScientific reports2019
B-cell depletion induces a shift in self antigen specific B-cell repertoire and cytokine pattern in patients with bullous pemphigoid.
Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT00525616 (Assessment of Rituximab Efficiency and Tolerance in Treatment of Bullous Pemphigoid.), which is not on this map. Cited by 27 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Assessment of Rituximab Efficiency and Tolerance in Treatment of Bullous Pemphigoid.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Necrotizing Fasciitis-Severe Complication of Bullous Pemphigoid: A Systematic Review, Risk Factors, and Treatment Challenges.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Pooled it
- Rituximab Therapy for Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid: A Retrospective Monocentric Study With Long-Term Follow-Up in 109 Patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Rituximab, Omalizumab, and Dupilumab Treatment Outcomes in Bullous Pemphigoid: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Single-dose rituximab as induction therapy in adult IgA vasculitis with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis: a case report with peripheral blood CD19⁺ B-cell monitoring.CEN case reports · 2026Article
- Autoimmune Bullous Diseases: Therapeutic Update.Drugs · 2026Review
- Role of Fibroblast-Immune Crosstalk in Kidney, Lung, and Skin Tertiary Lymphoid Structures.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Bullous Pemphigoid as a Manifestation of Graft-Versus-Host Disease Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Report of a Novel Case.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Bullous pemphigoid burden of disease, management and unmet therapeutic needs.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2025Review
- Serum levels of interleukin-17, -18, -22, and -25 in patients with bullous pemphigoid before and after treatment.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Severe systemic cutaneous adverse reactions following camrelizumab therapy: a case report and literature review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Pathophysiology of Bullous Pemphigoid: Role of Type 2 Inflammation and Emerging Treatment Strategies (Narrative Review).Advances in therapy · 2024Review
- Advancements in Bullous Pemphigoid Treatment: A Comprehensive Pipeline Update.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2024Review
- Advancing Treatment in Bullous Pemphigoid: A Comprehensive Review of Novel Therapeutic Targets and Approaches.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2023Review
- Study of cytokine-induced immunity in bullous pemphigoid: recent developments.Annals of medicine · 2023Review
- The cytokine milieu of bullous pemphigoid: Current and novel therapeutic targets.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Review
- Side effects of steroid-sparing agents in patients with bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus: A systematic review.JAAD international · 2022Review
- Bullous Pemphygoid and Novel Therapeutic Approaches.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Clinical Effectiveness and Safety of Initial Combination Therapy with Corticosteroids and Rituximab in Bullous Pemphigoid: A Retrospective Cohort Study.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2022Article
- Pemphigus and Pemphigoid: From Disease Mechanisms to Druggable Pathways.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
16 authors at 10 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bullous Pemphigoid is the most common auto-immune bullous skin disease. It is characterized by the production of auto-antibodies directed against 2 proteins of the hemi-desmosome (BP180 and BP230). We assessed the efficacy and mechanisms of action of rituximab, an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, in 17 patients with severe and relapsing type of bullous pemphigoid. The phenotype, cytokine gene expression, and rearrangement of BP180-specific B-cell receptor genes were performed over 2 years following treatment. At the end of the study, 5 patients had died, 3 had withdrawn from the study, and 9 patients were in complete remission. The one- and two-year relapse rates were 44.1% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 21.0-76.0%) and 66.5%, (95% CI: 38.4-91.4%), respectively. Phenotypic analyses confirmed dramatic B-cell depletion, which lasted for 9 to 12 months. The ELISA values of serum anti-BP180 antibodies and the frequency of BP180-specific circulating B cells decreased dramatically following treatment, which paralleled the improvement of skin lesions. During B-cell reconstitution, a polyclonal IgM repertoire appeared and a shift in the rearrangement of the B-cell receptor genes of BP180-specific circulating B cells was observed. Concurrently, we observed a decrease of IL-15, IL-6 and TNFα expressing BP180-specific B cells, and the emergence of IL-10 and IL-1RA-expressing BP180-specific IgM+ B cells in patients in complete remission off therapy, suggesting the functional plasticity of BP180-specific auto-immune B cells after rituximab treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.