ReviewNeurotoxicology2019
Neurotoxicity of low-level lead exposure: History, mechanisms of action, and behavioral effects in humans and preclinical models.
Review in Neurotoxicology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 193 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fluoride as a Modifier of Metallome Homeostasis: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review on the evaluation of endocrine-disrupting chemicals as potential neurotoxins during zebrafish development.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Human tissue lead (Pb) levels and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Pooled it
- The 2024 Lebanon conflict: a multidimensional assessment of syndemic impacts on public health and sustainable development goals.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Review
- Understanding the contribution of toxicant exposures to Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.Current opinion in neurobiology · 2026Review
- Article
- Metallothioneins in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Metal Homeostasis, Autoimmunity, and Therapeutic Potential.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Occupational neurotoxicant exposures, cognitive reserve, and brain aging: a scoping review.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Lead-Induced Nephrotoxicity and Its Therapeutic Interventions: An Updated Review.Biological trace element research · 2026Review
- Article
- Estrogen-containing contraceptive use and blood lead concentrations in a cohort of premenopausal individuals.Environmental research · 2025Article
- A Hazard-Based Approach Enables the Efficient Identification of Chemicals of Concern in Plastics.Environmental science & technology · 2025Review
- Botulinum Neurotoxins: History, Mechanism, and Applications. A Narrative Review.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Review
- Vinpocetine, a Phosphodiesterase Type 1 Inhibitor, Mitigates Locomotor Hyperactivity in Female Mice Exposed to Lead During Development.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Perinatal exposure to lead alters male reproductive behaviour and immunoreactivity of androgen and oestrogen receptors in the brain.International journal of experimental pathology · 2025Article
- Fetal exposure to toxic metals (mercury, cadmium, lead, and arsenic) via intrauterine blood transfusions.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Machine learning and explainable artificial intelligence to predict and interpret lead toxicity in pregnant women and unborn baby.Frontiers in digital health · 2025Article
- Protective Effect of Protocatechuic Acid on Oxidative Damage and Cognitive Impairment in Pb-Induced Rats.Biological trace element research · 2024Article
- The relationship between lead levels and reading acquisition in Spanish speakers, evidence from Uruguayan schoolers.Neurotoxicology · 2024Article
- Nucleic acid aptamers protect against lead (Pb(II)) toxicity.New biotechnology · 2024Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Lead is a neurotoxin that produces long-term, perhaps irreversible, effects on health and well-being. This article summarizes clinical and preclinical studies that have employed a variety of research techniques to examine the neurotoxic effects of low levels of lead exposure. A historical perspective is presented, followed by an overview of studies that examined behavioral and cognitive outcomes. In addition, a short summary of potential mechanisms of action is provided with a focus on calcium-dependent processes. The current level of concern, or reference level, set by the CDC is 5 μg/dL of lead in blood and a revision to 3.5 μg/dL has been suggested. However, levels of lead below 3 μg/dL have been shown to produce diminished cognitive function and maladaptive behavior in humans and animal models. Because much of the research has focused on higher concentrations of lead, work on low concentrations is needed to better understand the neurobehavioral effects and mechanisms of action of this neurotoxic metal.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.