ReviewVirus research2019
Strength in numbers: Mechanisms of viral co-infection.
Review in Virus research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Virion aggregation shapes infection dynamics and evolutionary potential.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- The Gut Microbiome in Enteric Viral Infections: Underlying Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Virion aggregation shapes infection dynamics and evolutionary potential.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Article
- WNV and SLEV coinfection in avian and mosquito hosts: impact on viremia, antibody responses, and vector competence.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Evolutionary Adaptation of an RNA Bacteriophage to Repeated Freezing and Thawing Cycles.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Impact of the Microbiota on Viral Infections.Annual review of virology · 2023Review
- Neuraminidase Activity Modulates Cellular Coinfection during Influenza A Virus Multicycle Growth.mBio · 2023Article
- Live cells infected with Enterovirus A71 are specifically extruded from human colonoids.Nature microbiology · 2023Article
- Heterogeneity in viral populations increases the rate of deleterious mutation accumulation.Genetics · 2022Article
- AViruses · 2022Article
- Article
- Increased Heme Oxygenase 1 Expression upon a Primary Exposure to the Respiratory Syncytial Virus and a SecondaryAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Findings from Studies Are Congruent with Obesity Having a Viral Origin, but What about Obesity-Related NAFLD?Viruses · 2021Review
- Genetic diversity through social heterosis can increase virulence in RNA viral infections and cancer progression.Royal Society open science · 2021Article
- Simultaneous enterovirus EV-D68 and CVA6 infections causing acute respiratory distress syndrome and hand, foot and mouth disease.Virology journal · 2021Article
- Quantifying relative virulence: whenThe Journal of general virology · 2021Article
- Cooperative nature of viral replication.Science advances · 2020Article
- Review
- Welcome to the virus social.Nature microbiology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
RNA virus populations are diverse due to a variety of factors, including lack of proofreading of the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. These diverse viral populations include defective viruses incapable of productive infection. Recent studies have determined the existence of several modes of viral transmission outside of canonical pathways, including en bloc transmission of multiple viruses into a single host cell via membrane vesicles. Additionally, it has recently been determined that viral aggregation and bacteria can facilitate the delivery of multiple viruses to a single cell. Co-infection of RNA viruses is important since it has the potential to enhance viral fitness. Furthermore, through complementation and recombination, co-infection could potentially promote "resurrection" of otherwise defective viral genomes and has the potential to expand viral diversity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.