ArticleJMIR public health and surveillance2019
Programmatic Mapping to Estimate Size, Distribution, and Dynamics of Key Populations in Kosovo.
Article in JMIR public health and surveillance, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Programmatic mapping and size estimation of people who inject drugs to plan targeted HIV prevention and harm reduction programs in iran, a nationwide study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Mapping Key Populations to Develop Improved HIV and AIDS Interventions: Multiphase Cross-Sectional Observational Mapping Study Using a District and City Approach.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Observational
- Programmatic mapping and population size estimation of key population in India: Method and findings.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- MODELING THE VISIBILITY DISTRIBUTION FOR RESPONDENT-DRIVEN SAMPLING WITH APPLICATION TO POPULATION SIZE ESTIMATION.The annals of applied statistics · 2024Article
- Population Size Estimation From Capture-Recapture Studies Using shinyrecap: Design and Implementation of a Web-Based Graphical User Interface.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2022Article
- Summarizing methods for estimating population size for key populations: a global scoping review for human immunodeficiency virus research.AIDS research and therapy · 2022Article
- Mapping virtual platforms to estimate the population size of men who have sex with men (MSM) who use internet to find sexual partners: implications to enhance HIV prevention among MSM in Kenya.Gates open research · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe burden of an HIV epidemic in Kosovo lies among the key populations (KPs) of female sex workers (FSWs), men who have sex with men (MSM), and people who inject drugs (PWIDs). The available interventions for KPs are fragmented and lack sufficient and appropriate granularity of information needed to develop large-scale outreach programs.
objectiveThe aim of this study was to estimate the size and distribution of these populations to create evidence for developing action plans for HIV prevention.
methodsThe programmatic mapping approach was used to collect systematic information from key informants, including geographic and virtual locations in 26 municipalities of Kosovo between February to April 2016. In level 1, information was gathered about KPs' numbers and locations through 1537 key informant interviews within each municipality. Level 2 involved validating these spots by conducting another 976 interviews with KPs congregating at those spots. Population size estimates were calculated for each spot, and finally a national-level estimate was developed, which was corrected for duplication and overlaps.
resultsOf the estimated 6814 MSM (range: 6445 to 7117), nearly 4940 operate through the internet owing to the large stigma and discrimination against same-sex relationships. Geo-based MSM (who operate through physical spots) congregate at a few spots with large spot sizes (13.3 MSM/spot). Three-fourths of the MSM are distributed in 5 major municipalities. Fridays and Saturdays are the peak days of operation; however, the number only increases by 5%. A significant number are involved in sex work, that is, provide sex to other men for money. PWIDs are largely geo-based; 4973 (range: 3932 to 6015) PWIDs of the total number of 5819 (range: 4777 to 6860) visit geographical spots, with an average spot size of 7.1. In smaller municipalities, they mostly inject in residential locations. The numbers stay stable during the entire week, and there are no peak days. Of the 5037 (range: 4213 to 5860) FSWs, 20% use cell phones, whereas 10% use websites to connect with clients. The number increases by 25% on weekends, especially in larger municipalities where sex work is mostly concentrated. Other than a few street-based spots, most spots are establishments run by pimps, which is reflective of the highly institutionalized, structured, and organized FSW network.
conclusionsThis study provides valuable information about the population size estimates as well as dynamics of each KP, which is the key to developing effective HIV prevention strategies. The information should be utilized to develop microplans and effectively provide HIV prevention services to various KPs.
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