ArticleThe New phytologist2019
Nectary size is a pollination syndrome trait in Penstemon.
Article in The New phytologist, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Floral syndromes in Aquilegia (Ranunculaceae) are associated with nectar- but not pollen-collecting pollinators.Annals of botany · 2026Article
- Testing the Adaptive Significance of Personate Flowers inEcology and evolution · 2026Article
- Genomic signatures of reproductive isolation are decoupled from floral divergence in a long-standing hybrid zone.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The associations between floral traits and pollinator groups in two Mediterranean mountainous plant communities in the Middle Atlas of Morocco.BMC ecology and evolution · 2025Article
- Evolution of petal patterning: blooming floral diversity at the microscale.The New phytologist · 2025Review
- The developmental basis of floral nectary diversity and evolution.The New phytologist · 2025Review
- Compensating for the corolla? Pollen exposure is not associated with pollen-collecting hair length.Annals of botany · 2024Article
- Recurrent evolution of small body size and loss of the sword ornament in Northern swordtail fish.Evolution; international journal of organic evolution · 2024Article
- Whole-genome sequence and annotation of Penstemon davidsonii.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2024Article
- Commercial suitability and characterization of newly developed Erucastrum canariense (Can) sterile cytoplasm based cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines in Indian cauliflower.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Integrative analysis of transcriptome and proteome revealed nectary and nectar traits in the plant-pollinator interaction of Nitraria tangutorum Bobrov.BMC plant biology · 2021Article
- Pollinator divergence and pollination isolation between hybrids with different floral color and morphology in two sympatric Penstemon species.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Co-expression clustering across flower development identifies modules for diverse floral forms inPeerJ · 2020Article
- Nectar traits differ between pollination syndromes in Balsaminaceae.Annals of botany · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Evolution of complex phenotypes depends on the adaptive importance of individual traits, and the developmental changes required to modify traits. Floral syndromes are complex adaptations to pollinators that include color, nectar, and shape variation. Hummingbird-adapted flowers have evolved a remarkable number of times from bee-adapted ancestors in Penstemon, and previous work demonstrates that color over shape better distinguishes bee from hummingbird syndromes. Here, we examined the relative importance of nectar volume and nectary development in defining Penstemon pollination syndromes. We tested the evolutionary association of nectar volume and nectary area with pollination syndrome across 19 Penstemon species. In selected species, we assessed cellular-level processes shaping nectary size. Within a segregating population from an intersyndrome cross, we assessed trait correlations between nectar volume, nectary area, and the size of stamens on which nectaries develop. Nectar volume and nectary area displayed an evolutionary association with pollination syndrome. These traits were correlated within a genetic cross, suggesting a mechanistic link. Nectary area evolution involves parallel processes of cell expansion and proliferation. Our results demonstrate that changes to nectary patterning are an important contributor to pollination syndrome diversity and provide further evidence that repeated origins of hummingbird adaptation involve parallel developmental processes in Penstemon.
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