Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30834524›Full record

ArticleJournal of anatomy2019

Quantification of mandibular sexual dimorphism during adolescence.

Yi Fan, Anthony Penington, Nicky Kilpatrick, Rita Hardiman, Paul Schneider, John Clement, Peter Claes, Harold Matthews

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of anatomy, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05983159 (A Modular Open Label, Signal Seeking, Phase II Trial of Targeted Therapies for Patients With Slow-Flow or Fast-Flow Vascular Malformations), which is not on this map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05983159 phase2recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

A Modular Open Label, Signal Seeking, Phase II Trial of Targeted Therapies for Patients With Slow-Flow or Fast-Flow Vascular Malformations (TARGET-VM)

TypeinterventionalSponsorMurdoch Childrens Research InstituteRan2024 to 2027Enrolled50ConditionsSlow-Flow Vascular Malformation, Fast-Flow Vascular Malformation, Vascular Malformations, Venous MalformationArmsAlpelisib, Mirdametinib
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Yi FanMelbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-9230-6351
Anthony PeningtonMurdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
Nicky KilpatrickMurdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
Rita HardimanMelbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
Paul SchneiderMelbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
John ClementMelbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
Peter ClaesMurdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
Harold MatthewsMurdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The present study investigates how sexual dimorphism in the human mandible develops in three-dimensionally during adolescence. A cross-sectional sample of mandibular meshes of 268 males and 386 females, aged between 8.5 and 19.5 years of age, were derived from cone beam computed tomography and were analysed using geometric morphometric methods. Growth trajectories of the mandible in males and females were modelled separately using a recently developed non-linear kernel regression framework. Growth rate and direction at a dense array of points all over the mandibular surface were visualized within each group and compared between groups. We found that mandibular sexual dimorphism already exists at 9 years of age, but this is mostly in size not in shape. The differential growth rate and duration between the sexes during pubertal growth largely explained by adult sexual dimorphism: the growth direction in both males and females is similar but the male mandible changed more quickly and over a longer period than the female mandible, where the growth rate peaked and declined earlier. This results in increasing dimorphism in form, which is evident in both size and shape. The development of dimorphic features, concentrated in the chin and ramus, were further visualized. The dense morphometric approach provides detailed three-dimensional quantitative assessment of the development of sexual dimorphism of the mandible.

Indexed as

Sex CharacteristicsAdolescentChildCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansImaging, Three-DimensionalMaleMandiblePrincipal Component AnalysisYoung Adultcone beam computed tomographygeometric morphometricsmandibleontogenysexual dimorphism

Identifiers

PMID30834524
PMCPMC6481415

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.