ArticleBMJ open2019
Risk of dementia after Parkinson's disease in Taiwan: a population-based retrospective cohort study using National Health Insurance claims.
Article in BMJ open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognosis in Parkinson's Disease: An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis of Six European Incidence Cohorts.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2026Pooled it
- Association of Metformin with the Risk of Dementia: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study in Taiwan.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Healthcare utilization and costs for patients with Parkinson's disease in Taiwan.BMC neurology · 2025Article
- Associations between tooth loss, denture use, and dementia in older Taiwanese adults.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2025Article
- Use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors was associated with a lower risk of Parkinson's disease in diabetic patients.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Association Between Trajectory of Severe Hypoglycemia and Dementia in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Population-based Study.Journal of epidemiology · 2022Article
- Use of antipsychotic drugs and cholinesterase inhibitors and risk of falls and fractures: self-controlled case series.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2021Observational
- Age-Stratified Risk of Dementia in Parkinson's Disease: A Nationwide, Population-Based, Retrospective Cohort Study in Taiwan.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
- Article
- Association of Environmental Features and the Risk of Alzheimer's Dementia in Older Adults: A Nationwide Longitudinal Case-Control Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesA nationwide cohort study on the risk of dementia onset after first diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is lacking. This study aims to assess 11 years of incidence and the HRs for developing dementia in patients with PD compared with matched controls.
designA population-based cohort study.
settingNational Health Insurance database in Taiwan.
participantsA total of 5932 patients with PD were identified, and 29 645 age-matched, sex-matched and index year-matched PD-free individuals were randomly selected. OUTCOME MEASURES: All subjects were linked to the claim data to identify the first diagnosis of dementia. The Poisson assumption was used to estimate the incidence rate. Cause-specific hazards models with a partitioning of time at 1 year to account for proportionality were used to estimate the risk of dementia onset.
resultsThe median duration from the first diagnosis of PD to the development of dementia was 9.02 years. In the first partition (≦ 1 year), the incidence of dementia in the PD and control groups was 114.49 and 9.76 per 1000 person-years, respectively, with an adjusted HR of 6.43 (95% CI 5.46 to 7.57). In the second partition (>1 year), the incidence of dementia in the PD and control groups was 30.99 and 10.83 per 1000 person-years, with an adjusted HR of 2.42 (95% CI 2.23 to 2.61). Notably, in the second partition, both men and women aged <70 years had the highest HR (3.82, 95% CI 2.79 to 5.22 and 4.27, 95% CI 3.25 to 5.63, respectively).
conclusionsThis study noted an increased risk of dementia after a diagnosis of PD. The magnitude of effect estimation was higher in men in the first partition but was similar in both genders in the second partition. PD patients aged <70 years have the highest risk of dementia in any given partition time.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.