ReviewCancers2019
PD-1 Inhibitors-Related Neurological Toxicities in Patients with Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Literature Review.
Review in Cancers, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors-associated cranial nerves involvement: a systematic literature review on 136 patients.Journal of neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Immune-Related Neurological Toxicities of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors in Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Pooled it
- Neurological immune-related adverse events after ICI treatment: a protocol for an overview of systematic reviews.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC).International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Glioblastoma and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Glance at Available Treatment Options and Future Directions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The Role of Antibody-Based Therapies in Neuro-Oncology.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Overexpression of human alpha-Synuclein leads to dysregulated microbiome/metabolites with ageing in a rat model of Parkinson disease.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2023Article
- Clinical characteristics, treatment and outcome of nivolumab-induced myasthenia gravis.Investigational new drugs · 2023Article
- Bell's palsy during rechallenge of immune checkpoint inhibitor.IJU case reports · 2023Article
- Long-term complete remission after severe pembrolizumab-induced immune-related encephalitis in metastatic lung adeno-squamous carcinoma: A case report.Respiratory medicine case reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Management of adverse events associated with cabozantinib plus nivolumab in renal cell carcinoma: A review.Cancer treatment reviews · 2022Review
- The double-edged sword: Harnessing PD-1 blockade in tumor and autoimmunity.Science immunology · 2021Review
- Advancing to the era of cancer immunotherapy.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2021Review
- Emerging Role of PD-1 in the Central Nervous System and Brain Diseases.Neuroscience bulletin · 2021Review
- Review
- PD-1 Regulates GABAergic Neurotransmission and GABA-Mediated Analgesia and Anesthesia.iScience · 2020Article
- PD-1-positive Natural Killer Cells have a weaker antitumor function than that of PD-1-negative Natural Killer Cells in Lung Cancer.International journal of medical sciences · 2020Article
- Recurrence of Pemphigus Vulgaris Under Nivolumab Therapy.Frontiers in medicine · 2019Article
- Therapeutic and Systemic Adverse Events of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis for Clinical Management of NSCLC.Cell transplantationReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors gave rise to a new era in oncology and general medicine. The increasing use of programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer and in other malignancies means clinicians have to face up to new challenges in managing immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which often resemble autoimmune diseases. Neurological irAEs represent an emerging toxicity related to immunotherapy, and it is mandatory to know how to monitor, recognize, and manage them, since they can rapidly lead to patient death if untreated. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of these irAEs have been recently published but sharing some of the most unusual clinical cases is crucial, in our opinion, to improve awareness and to optimize the approach for these patients. A literature review on the diagnosis and treatment of immune-related neurotoxicity's has been conducted starting from the report of four cases of neurological irAEs regarding cases of polyneuropathy, myasthenia gravis, Bell's palsy, and encephalopathy, all of which occurred in oncological patients receiving PD-1 inhibitors (pembrolizumab and nivolumab) for the treatment of non-oncogene addicted advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The exclusion of other differential diagnoses and the correlation between the suspension of immunotherapy and improvement of symptoms suggest that immunotherapy could be the cause of the neurological disorders reported.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.