ArticleDermatitis : contact, atopic, occupational, drug
Euphorbia myrsinites Sap-Induced Phytodermatitis: A Prototype of Irritant Contact Dermatitis?
Article in Dermatitis : contact, atopic, occupational, drug. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Poison Apple-like Fruit Ingestion: A Case Report and Review of Manchineel Fruit Toxicity.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundA hallmark of Euphorbia myrsinites (EM), a member of the widespread perennial Euphorbia species, is the extrusion of a poisonous, latex-like sap irritant to the skin and eye after contact. The exact mechanisms underlying these effects have not been unraveled so far.
objectivesThe aims of the study were to allocate EM sap-induced phytodermatitis to irritant or allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and to investigate mechanism(s) causing keratinocyte damage.
methodsCutaneous effects of EM sap on healthy human skin were investigated by clinical scoring and reflectance confocal microscopy analyses and compared with ACD. In addition, the effects of sap exposure to keratinocytes were analyzed in vitro using histological analyses and flow cytometry.
conclusionsWe report on 2 cases of EM sap-induced phytodermatitis. Patch testing with fresh EM sap induced dermatitis in 100% of the tested sites with a clinical course following a decrescendo pattern. Compared with ACD, the lesional phenotype was more severe and epidermal disruption was more pronounced. Exposure of human skin tissues and cultivated keratinocytes to EM sap in vitro resulted in a dose-dependent increase in keratinocyte apoptosis. The reported findings support the primarily toxic irritant nature of EM sap-induced phytodermatitis. The contribution of ingenol mebutate to (nontoxic) proinflammatory effects remains to be elucidated.
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