ReviewFrontiers in neuroscience2019
Evolution in the Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders: From Psychosurgery to Psychopharmacology to Neuromodulation.
Review in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predictors of deep brain stimulation response in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- Neurobiological effects of microbial treatments within psychiatry: a systematic review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Cognitive outcomes following functional neurosurgery in refractory OCD patients: a systematic review.Neurosurgical review · 2023Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Neuromodulation Treatment Effects on Suicidality.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2021Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Deep Brain Stimulation Targets for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.Neurosurgery · 2020Pooled it
- Predicting response to psychiatric surgery: a systematic review of neuroimaging findings.Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN · 2020Pooled it
- Promising natural agents in psychopharmacology described by Rhazes in Al-Hawi and Liber Almansoris: a ninth-century paradigm.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Game Changers in the Treatment of and Engagement With Persons Living With Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders: The Role of the Nurse.International journal of mental health nursing · 2026Review
- Neuromodulators Generate Multiple Context-Relevant Behaviors in Recurrent Neural Networks.Neural computation · 2026Article
- Prediction of treatment responsiveness to home-based transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) intervention for cognitive decline using fNIRS concurrently recorded during tPBM.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Safety in treatment: Classical pharmacotherapeutics and new avenues for addressing maternal depression and anxiety during pregnancy.Pharmacological reviews · 2025Review
- Long-term clinical outcome of a novel bilateral capsulotomy with focused ultrasound in refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder treatment.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Epitranscriptomic Analysis of the Ventral Hippocampus in a Mouse Model of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Following Deep Brain Stimulation Treatment of the Basolateral Amygdala.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Interventional Psychiatry in India: Bridging Treatment Gaps and Expanding Horizons in Mental Health.Indian journal of psychological medicine · 2024Article
- Biomarkers: The Key to Enhancing Deep Brain Stimulation Treatment for Psychiatric Conditions.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Review
- Efficacy and Safety of Antidiabetic Agents for Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Depression: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trials.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Functional Connectivity Biomarkers in Schizophrenia.Advances in neurobiology · 2024Review
- Neuroablative Intervention for Refractory Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.Psychiatry investigation · 2023Article
- Editorial: Advancements in deep brain stimulation for chronic pain control.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The treatment of psychiatric patients presents significant challenges to the clinical community, and a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and management is essential to facilitate optimal care. In particular, the neurosurgical treatment of psychiatric disorders, or "psychosurgery," has held fascination throughout human history as a potential method of influencing behavior and consciousness. Early evidence of such procedures can be traced to prehistory, and interest flourished in the nineteenth and early twentieth century with greater insight into cerebral functional and anatomic localization. However, any discussion of psychosurgery invariably invokes controversy, as the widespread and indiscriminate use of the transorbital lobotomy in the mid-twentieth century resulted in profound ethical ramifications that persist to this day. The concurrent development of effective psychopharmacological treatments virtually eliminated the need and desire for psychosurgical procedures, and accordingly the research and practice of psychosurgery was dormant, but not forgotten. There has been a recent resurgence of interest for non-ablative therapies, due in part to modern advances in functional and structural neuroimaging and neuromodulation technology. In particular, deep brain stimulation is a promising treatment paradigm with the potential to modulate abnormal pathways and networks implicated in psychiatric disease states. Although there is enthusiasm regarding these recent advancements, it is important to reflect on the scientific, social, and ethical considerations of this controversial field.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.