Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30827952›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2019

Support for, and perceived effectiveness of, the UK soft drinks industry levy among UK adults: cross-sectional analysis of the International Food Policy Study.

David Pell, Tarra Penney, David Hammond, Lana Vanderlee, Martin White, Jean Adams

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

David PellCentre for Diet and Activity Research, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Tarra PenneyCentre for Diet and Activity Research, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
David HammondSchool of Public Health & Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Lana VanderleeSchool of Public Health & Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Martin WhiteCentre for Diet and Activity Research, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Jean AdamsCentre for Diet and Activity Research, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5733-7830

Funding

British Heart FoundationCancer Research UKCIHRDepartment of Health 16/130/01Department of Health PHR/16/130/01Medical Research Council MR/K023187/1Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo answer four questions: What are attitudes, knowledge and social norms around sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs)? What are current levels of trust in messages on SSBs? What is current support for, and perceived effectiveness of, the UK soft drinks industry levy (SDIL)? What is the association between attitudes, knowledge, social norms, trust, SSB consumption and sociodemographic factors; and support for, and perceived effectiveness of, the SDIL?

designCross-sectional online survey.

settingUK.

participantsUK respondents to the 2017 International Food Policy Study aged 18-64 years who provided information on all variables of interest (n=3104). OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-reported perceived effectiveness of, and support for, the SDIL.

resultsMost participants supported the SDIL (70%), believed it would be effective (71%), had a positive attitude to SSBs (62%), had knowledge of the link between SSBs and obesity (90%), and trusted messages from health experts (61%), but not those from the food and beverage industry (73%). Nearly half (46%) had negative social norms about drinking SSBs. In adjusted models, older age, non-consumption of SSBs, social norms to not drinks SSBs, knowledge of the link between SSBs and obesity and trust in health expert messages were associated with greater support for the SDIL, whereas having dependent children and trusting messages from the food and beverage industry were associated with less support. In adjusted models, older age was associated with lower perceived effectiveness of the SDIL, whereas social norms to not drink SSBs, negative attitudes to SSBs and trusting messages from health experts and the food and beverage industry were associated with greater perceived effectiveness.

conclusionsThere was strong support for the SDIL and belief that it would be effective. Those with more 'public health' orientated norms and trust were generally more likely to support the SDIL or believe that it would be effective.

Indexed as

AdultCarbonated BeveragesCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansMaleMiddle AgedNutrition PolicyNutrition SurveysObesityPublic HealthTaxesUnited KingdomYoung Adultattitudespublic healthsoda taxtaxation

Identifiers

PMID30827952
PMCPMC6429875

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.