Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30825795›Full record

ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2019

Effects of motivation phase intervention components on quit attempts in smokers unwilling to quit: A factorial experiment.

Jessica L Engle, Robin Mermelstein, Timothy B Baker, Stevens S Smith, Tanya R Schlam, Megan E Piper, Douglas E Jorenby, Linda M Collins, Jessica W Cook

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06624358 (Physical Activity in Adolescents With Chronic Kidney Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 10 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06624358 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Physical Activity in Adolescents With Chronic Kidney Disease

TypeinterventionalSponsorChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaRan2025 to 2028Enrolled100ConditionsChronic Kidney DiseasesArmsIncrease Physical Activity
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Strategies to improve smoking cessation rates in primary care.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021
    Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Predictors of Smoking Cessation Attempts and Success Following Motivation-Phase Interventions Among People Initially Unwilling to Quit Smoking.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020
    Trial
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jessica L EngleWilliam S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Addictive Disorders Treatment Program, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI, 53705, USA. Electronic address: Jessica.Engle@va.gov.
Robin MermelsteinInstitute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, (MC 275), 544 Westside Research Office Bldg., 1747 West Roosevelt Road, Chicago, IL, 60608, USA.
Timothy B BakerCenter for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1930 Monroe St. Suite 200, Madison, WI, 53711, USA.
Stevens S SmithCenter for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1930 Monroe St. Suite 200, Madison, WI, 53711, USA.
Tanya R SchlamCenter for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1930 Monroe St. Suite 200, Madison, WI, 53711, USA.
Megan E PiperCenter for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1930 Monroe St. Suite 200, Madison, WI, 53711, USA.
Douglas E JorenbyCenter for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1930 Monroe St. Suite 200, Madison, WI, 53711, USA.
Linda M CollinsThe Pennsylvania State University, The Methodology Center and Department of Human Development and Family Studies, 404 Health and Human Development Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Jessica W CookWilliam S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Addictive Disorders Treatment Program, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI, 53705, USA; Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1930 Monroe St. Suite 200, Madison, WI, 53711, USA.

Funding

Testing Relapse Recovery Intervention ComponentsP01CA180945 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI BAKER, TIMOTHY B, FIORE, MICHAEL C · 2014 to 2023
$23.0M
Methods CoreP50CA143188 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI BAKER, TIMOTHY B, FIORE, MICHAEL C · 2009 to 2013
$10.5M
Training in Translational Tobacco ScienceK05CA139871 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI BAKER, TIMOTHY B · 2008 to 2012
$850k
NCI NIH HHS K05 CA139871NCI NIH HHS P01 CA180945NCI NIH HHS P50 CA143188
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSmoking reduction treatment is a promising approach to increase abstinence amongst smokers initially unwilling to quit. However, little is known about which reduction treatment elements increase quit attempts and the uptake of cessation treatment amongst such smokers.

methodsThis study is a secondary analysis of a 4-factor randomized factorial experiment conducted amongst primary care patients (N = 517) presenting for regular healthcare visits in Southern Wisconsin who were unwilling to quit smoking but willing to cut down. We evaluated the main and interactive effects of Motivation-phase intervention components on whether participants: 1) made a quit attempt (intentional abstinence ≥24 h) by 6- and 26-weeks post-study enrollment and, 2) used cessation treatment. We also evaluated the relations of quit attempts with abstinence. The four intervention components evaluated were: 1) Nicotine Patch vs. None; 2) Nicotine Gum vs. None; 3) Motivational Interviewing (MI) vs. None; and 4) Behavioral Reduction Counseling (BR) vs. None. Intervention components were administered over 6 weeks, with an option to repeat treatment; participants could request cessation treatment at any point.

resultsNicotine gum significantly increased the likelihood of making a quit attempt by 6 weeks (23% vs. 15% without gum; p < .05). Conversely, nicotine patch reduced quit attempts when used with BR. Patch also discouraged use of cessation treatment (15.8% vs. 23% without patch; p < .05). Aided vs. unaided quit attempts produced abstinence in 42% vs. 10% of participants, respectively.

conclusionNicotine gum is a promising Motivation-phase intervention that may spur quit attempts amongst smokers initially unwilling to quit.

Indexed as

Nicotine Chewing GumTobacco Use Cessation DevicesAdultCounselingFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMotivationMotivational InterviewingPrimary Health CareSmokersSmokingSmoking CessationWisconsinNicotine Chewing GumChronic care smoking treatmentComparative effectivenessNicotine replacement therapyPrimary careQuit attemptsSmoking reduction

Identifiers

PMID30825795
PMCPMC6573018

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.