SynthesisJournal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry2019
Non-invasive neuromodulation for migraine and cluster headache: a systematic review of clinical trials.
Synthesis in Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07633067 (Safety and Efficacy of Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization for the Treatment of Migraine), which is not on this map. Cited by 39 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Safety and Efficacy of Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization for the Treatment of Migraine: A Multicenter, Prospective, Double-blind, Multigroup, Randomized Controlled Trial.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Efficacy, IHS Guideline Adherence, and Methodological Quality of Noninvasive Neuromodulation Clinical Trials in Migraine and Cluster Headache: A Systematic Review.European journal of neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Episodic Migraine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Pooled it
- Determining the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for the treatment of menstrual migraine: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Research hotspots and trends of non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation: a bibliometric analysis from 2004 to 2023.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Self-Reported Efficacy of Treatments in Cluster Headache: a Systematic Review of Survey Studies.Current pain and headache reports · 2022Pooled it
- Non-invasive neuromodulation in the acute treatment of migraine: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Pooled it
- Neuromodulation techniques for acute and preventive migraine treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.The journal of headache and pain · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- Resonance massage tool effects in non-migraine headache management.Journal of oral & facial pain and headache · 2025Trial
- Alleviation of migraine symptoms by application of repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation to myofascial trigger points of neck and shoulder muscles - A randomized trial.Scientific reports · 2020Trial
- A Review of Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Disease: Comprehensive Theory and Evidence for Mechanisms of Action.Comprehensive physiology · 2026Review
- Migraine Management in Japan: Current Approaches and Science Narrative Including an Evidence-based Review.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Review
- Novel and emerging physical treatments for major depressive disorder.Fundamental research · 2025Review
- Auricular neuromodulation by low level laser therapy versus placebo laser therapy in prophylactic treatment of episodic migraine: a randomized controlled study protocol.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025Article
- Hallmarks of primary headache: part 3 - cluster headache.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Review
- The potential application of electrophysiological indicators in TMS treatment for MOH.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in healthy individuals, stroke, and Parkinson's disease: a narrative review of safety, parameters, and efficacy.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Review
- Laterality, sexual dimorphism, and human vagal projectome heterogeneity shape neuromodulation to vagus nerve stimulation.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Non-Pharmacological Treatment for Chronic Migraine.Current pain and headache reports · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Non-invasive neuromodulation therapies for migraine and cluster headache are a practical and safe alternative to pharmacologics. Comparisons of these therapies are difficult because of the heterogeneity in study designs. In this systematic review of clinical trials, the scientific rigour and clinical relevance of the available data were assessed to inform clinical decisions about non-invasive neuromodulation. PubMed, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov databases and the WHO's International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched for relevant clinical studies of non-invasive neuromodulation devices for migraine and cluster headache (1 January 1990 to 31 January 2018), and 71 were identified. This analysis compared study designs using recommendations of the International Headache Society for pharmacological clinical trials, the only available guidelines for migraine and cluster headache. Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS), single-transcranial magnetic stimulation and external trigeminal nerve stimulation (all with regulatory clearance) were well studied compared with the other devices, for which studies frequently lacked proper blinding, sham controls and sufficient population sizes. nVNS studies demonstrated the most consistent adherence to available guidelines. Studies of all neuromodulation devices should strive to achieve the same high level of scientific rigour to allow for proper comparison across devices. Device-specific guidelines for migraine and cluster headache will be soon available, but adherence to current guidelines for pharmacological trials will remain a key consideration for investigators and clinicians.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.