SynthesisThe American journal of psychiatry2019
Genetic Markers of ADHD-Related Variations in Intracranial Volume.
Open access · bronzeAbstract readMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph
Synthesis in The American journal of psychiatry, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
46citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
10.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between DNA methylation and ADHD symptoms from birth to school age: a prospective meta-analysis.Translational psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- ENIGMA and global neuroscience: A decade of large-scale studies of the brain in health and disease across more than 40 countries.Translational psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- Identification of comprehensive genetic factors, pathways, and shared genetic architecture of putamen volume in adolescent cohort.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Specific frontostriatal structural alterations underlie emotional instability but not inattention in ADHD and healthy individuals.Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN · 2026Article
- Shared Genetic Determinants of Schizophrenia and Autism Spectrum Disorder Implicate Opposite Risk Patterns: A Genome-Wide Analysis of Common Variants.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2024Article
- Genomic analysis of intracranial and subcortical brain volumes yields polygenic scores accounting for variation across ancestries.Nature genetics · 2024Article
- Molecular landscape of the overlap between Alzheimer's disease and somatic insulin-related diseases.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Article
- Associations between antagonistic SNPs for neuropsychiatric disorders and human brain structure.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Genomic analysis of intracranial and subcortical brain volumes yields polygenic scores accounting for variation across ancestries.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Interaction between Risk Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Developmental Dyslexia and Parental Education on Reading Ability: Evidence for Differential Susceptibility Theory.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Genetic influences on brain and cognitive health and their interactions with cardiovascular conditions and depression.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2024Review
- Application of a localized morphometrics approach to imaging-derived brain phenotypes for genotype-phenotype associations in pediatric mental health and neurodevelopmental disorders.Frontiers in big data · 2024Article
- Altered gray matter volume and functional connectivity in adolescent borderline personality disorder with non-suicidal self-injury behavior.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2024Article
- Genetic architecture of ADHD and overlap with other psychiatric disorders and cognition-related phenotypes.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2023Review
- The cranial capacity of the Saudi population measured using 3D computed tomography scans.Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) · 2023Article
- Annual Research Review: Perspectives on progress in ADHD science - from characterization to cause.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2023Review
- Epigenetics applied to child and adolescent mental health: Progress, challenges and opportunities.JCPP advances · 2023Article
- Growth rates of human induced pluripotent stem cells and neural stem cells from attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder patients: a preliminary study.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2023Article
- An overview on neurobiology and therapeutics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Discover mental health · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Marieke KleinThe Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Klein, Bralten, Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke); University Medical Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, the Netherlands (Klein); the Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (Walters, Neale); Program in Medical and Population Genetics (Walters) and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Mass (Walters, Neale); the Department of Biomedicine and the Center for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Mattheisen, Børglum); the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); the Department of Genetics and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Stein); the Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Hibar, Thompson); the Department of Epidemiology and the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (Adams); the Department of Psychiatry and the Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto (Schachar); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Sonuga-Barke); the Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (Mattheisen); the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Mattheisen); Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm (Mattheisen); the Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Thompson); the Quantitative Genetics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Medland); the Department of Psychiatry and the Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Faraone); the K.G. Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Faraone); and the Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke).
Raymond K WaltersThe Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Klein, Bralten, Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke); University Medical Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, the Netherlands (Klein); the Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (Walters, Neale); Program in Medical and Population Genetics (Walters) and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Mass (Walters, Neale); the Department of Biomedicine and the Center for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Mattheisen, Børglum); the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); the Department of Genetics and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Stein); the Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Hibar, Thompson); the Department of Epidemiology and the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (Adams); the Department of Psychiatry and the Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto (Schachar); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Sonuga-Barke); the Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (Mattheisen); the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Mattheisen); Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm (Mattheisen); the Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Thompson); the Quantitative Genetics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Medland); the Department of Psychiatry and the Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Faraone); the K.G. Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Faraone); and the Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke).
Ditte DemontisThe Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Klein, Bralten, Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke); University Medical Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, the Netherlands (Klein); the Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (Walters, Neale); Program in Medical and Population Genetics (Walters) and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Mass (Walters, Neale); the Department of Biomedicine and the Center for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Mattheisen, Børglum); the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); the Department of Genetics and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Stein); the Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Hibar, Thompson); the Department of Epidemiology and the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (Adams); the Department of Psychiatry and the Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto (Schachar); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Sonuga-Barke); the Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (Mattheisen); the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Mattheisen); Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm (Mattheisen); the Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Thompson); the Quantitative Genetics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Medland); the Department of Psychiatry and the Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Faraone); the K.G. Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Faraone); and the Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke).
Jason L SteinThe Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Klein, Bralten, Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke); University Medical Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, the Netherlands (Klein); the Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (Walters, Neale); Program in Medical and Population Genetics (Walters) and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Mass (Walters, Neale); the Department of Biomedicine and the Center for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Mattheisen, Børglum); the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); the Department of Genetics and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Stein); the Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Hibar, Thompson); the Department of Epidemiology and the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (Adams); the Department of Psychiatry and the Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto (Schachar); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Sonuga-Barke); the Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (Mattheisen); the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Mattheisen); Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm (Mattheisen); the Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Thompson); the Quantitative Genetics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Medland); the Department of Psychiatry and the Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Faraone); the K.G. Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Faraone); and the Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke).
Derrek P HibarThe Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Klein, Bralten, Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke); University Medical Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, the Netherlands (Klein); the Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (Walters, Neale); Program in Medical and Population Genetics (Walters) and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Mass (Walters, Neale); the Department of Biomedicine and the Center for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Mattheisen, Børglum); the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); the Department of Genetics and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Stein); the Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Hibar, Thompson); the Department of Epidemiology and the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (Adams); the Department of Psychiatry and the Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto (Schachar); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Sonuga-Barke); the Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (Mattheisen); the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Mattheisen); Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm (Mattheisen); the Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Thompson); the Quantitative Genetics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Medland); the Department of Psychiatry and the Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Faraone); the K.G. Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Faraone); and the Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke).
Hieab H AdamsThe Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Klein, Bralten, Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke); University Medical Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, the Netherlands (Klein); the Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (Walters, Neale); Program in Medical and Population Genetics (Walters) and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Mass (Walters, Neale); the Department of Biomedicine and the Center for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Mattheisen, Børglum); the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); the Department of Genetics and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Stein); the Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Hibar, Thompson); the Department of Epidemiology and the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (Adams); the Department of Psychiatry and the Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto (Schachar); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Sonuga-Barke); the Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (Mattheisen); the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Mattheisen); Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm (Mattheisen); the Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Thompson); the Quantitative Genetics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Medland); the Department of Psychiatry and the Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Faraone); the K.G. Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Faraone); and the Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke).
Janita BraltenThe Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Klein, Bralten, Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke); University Medical Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, the Netherlands (Klein); the Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (Walters, Neale); Program in Medical and Population Genetics (Walters) and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Mass (Walters, Neale); the Department of Biomedicine and the Center for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Mattheisen, Børglum); the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); the Department of Genetics and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Stein); the Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Hibar, Thompson); the Department of Epidemiology and the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (Adams); the Department of Psychiatry and the Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto (Schachar); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Sonuga-Barke); the Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (Mattheisen); the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Mattheisen); Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm (Mattheisen); the Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Thompson); the Quantitative Genetics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Medland); the Department of Psychiatry and the Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Faraone); the K.G. Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Faraone); and the Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke).
Nina Roth MotaThe Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Klein, Bralten, Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke); University Medical Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, the Netherlands (Klein); the Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (Walters, Neale); Program in Medical and Population Genetics (Walters) and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Mass (Walters, Neale); the Department of Biomedicine and the Center for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Mattheisen, Børglum); the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); the Department of Genetics and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Stein); the Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Hibar, Thompson); the Department of Epidemiology and the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (Adams); the Department of Psychiatry and the Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto (Schachar); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Sonuga-Barke); the Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (Mattheisen); the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Mattheisen); Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm (Mattheisen); the Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Thompson); the Quantitative Genetics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Medland); the Department of Psychiatry and the Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Faraone); the K.G. Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Faraone); and the Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke).
Russell SchacharThe Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Klein, Bralten, Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke); University Medical Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, the Netherlands (Klein); the Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (Walters, Neale); Program in Medical and Population Genetics (Walters) and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Mass (Walters, Neale); the Department of Biomedicine and the Center for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Mattheisen, Børglum); the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); the Department of Genetics and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Stein); the Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Hibar, Thompson); the Department of Epidemiology and the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (Adams); the Department of Psychiatry and the Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto (Schachar); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Sonuga-Barke); the Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (Mattheisen); the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Mattheisen); Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm (Mattheisen); the Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Thompson); the Quantitative Genetics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Medland); the Department of Psychiatry and the Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Faraone); the K.G. Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Faraone); and the Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke).
Edmund Sonuga-BarkeThe Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Klein, Bralten, Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke); University Medical Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, the Netherlands (Klein); the Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (Walters, Neale); Program in Medical and Population Genetics (Walters) and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Mass (Walters, Neale); the Department of Biomedicine and the Center for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Mattheisen, Børglum); the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); the Department of Genetics and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Stein); the Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Hibar, Thompson); the Department of Epidemiology and the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (Adams); the Department of Psychiatry and the Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto (Schachar); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Sonuga-Barke); the Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (Mattheisen); the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Mattheisen); Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm (Mattheisen); the Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Thompson); the Quantitative Genetics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Medland); the Department of Psychiatry and the Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Faraone); the K.G. Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Faraone); and the Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke).
Manuel MattheisenThe Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Klein, Bralten, Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke); University Medical Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, the Netherlands (Klein); the Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (Walters, Neale); Program in Medical and Population Genetics (Walters) and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Mass (Walters, Neale); the Department of Biomedicine and the Center for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Mattheisen, Børglum); the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); the Department of Genetics and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Stein); the Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Hibar, Thompson); the Department of Epidemiology and the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (Adams); the Department of Psychiatry and the Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto (Schachar); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Sonuga-Barke); the Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (Mattheisen); the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Mattheisen); Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm (Mattheisen); the Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Thompson); the Quantitative Genetics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Medland); the Department of Psychiatry and the Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Faraone); the K.G. Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Faraone); and the Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke).
Benjamin M NealeThe Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Klein, Bralten, Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke); University Medical Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, the Netherlands (Klein); the Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (Walters, Neale); Program in Medical and Population Genetics (Walters) and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Mass (Walters, Neale); the Department of Biomedicine and the Center for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Mattheisen, Børglum); the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); the Department of Genetics and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Stein); the Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Hibar, Thompson); the Department of Epidemiology and the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (Adams); the Department of Psychiatry and the Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto (Schachar); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Sonuga-Barke); the Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (Mattheisen); the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Mattheisen); Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm (Mattheisen); the Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Thompson); the Quantitative Genetics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Medland); the Department of Psychiatry and the Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Faraone); the K.G. Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Faraone); and the Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke).
Paul M ThompsonThe Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Klein, Bralten, Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke); University Medical Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, the Netherlands (Klein); the Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (Walters, Neale); Program in Medical and Population Genetics (Walters) and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Mass (Walters, Neale); the Department of Biomedicine and the Center for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Mattheisen, Børglum); the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); the Department of Genetics and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Stein); the Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Hibar, Thompson); the Department of Epidemiology and the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (Adams); the Department of Psychiatry and the Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto (Schachar); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Sonuga-Barke); the Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (Mattheisen); the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Mattheisen); Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm (Mattheisen); the Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Thompson); the Quantitative Genetics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Medland); the Department of Psychiatry and the Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Faraone); the K.G. Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Faraone); and the Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke).
Sarah E MedlandThe Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Klein, Bralten, Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke); University Medical Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, the Netherlands (Klein); the Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (Walters, Neale); Program in Medical and Population Genetics (Walters) and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Mass (Walters, Neale); the Department of Biomedicine and the Center for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Mattheisen, Børglum); the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); the Department of Genetics and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Stein); the Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Hibar, Thompson); the Department of Epidemiology and the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (Adams); the Department of Psychiatry and the Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto (Schachar); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Sonuga-Barke); the Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (Mattheisen); the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Mattheisen); Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm (Mattheisen); the Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Thompson); the Quantitative Genetics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Medland); the Department of Psychiatry and the Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Faraone); the K.G. Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Faraone); and the Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke).
Anders D BørglumThe Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Klein, Bralten, Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke); University Medical Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, the Netherlands (Klein); the Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (Walters, Neale); Program in Medical and Population Genetics (Walters) and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Mass (Walters, Neale); the Department of Biomedicine and the Center for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Mattheisen, Børglum); the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); the Department of Genetics and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Stein); the Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Hibar, Thompson); the Department of Epidemiology and the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (Adams); the Department of Psychiatry and the Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto (Schachar); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Sonuga-Barke); the Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (Mattheisen); the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Mattheisen); Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm (Mattheisen); the Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Thompson); the Quantitative Genetics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Medland); the Department of Psychiatry and the Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Faraone); the K.G. Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Faraone); and the Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke).
Stephen V FaraoneThe Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Klein, Bralten, Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke); University Medical Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, the Netherlands (Klein); the Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (Walters, Neale); Program in Medical and Population Genetics (Walters) and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Mass (Walters, Neale); the Department of Biomedicine and the Center for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Mattheisen, Børglum); the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); the Department of Genetics and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Stein); the Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Hibar, Thompson); the Department of Epidemiology and the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (Adams); the Department of Psychiatry and the Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto (Schachar); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Sonuga-Barke); the Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (Mattheisen); the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Mattheisen); Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm (Mattheisen); the Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Thompson); the Quantitative Genetics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Medland); the Department of Psychiatry and the Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Faraone); the K.G. Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Faraone); and the Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke).
Alejandro Arias-VasquezThe Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Klein, Bralten, Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke); University Medical Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, the Netherlands (Klein); the Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (Walters, Neale); Program in Medical and Population Genetics (Walters) and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Mass (Walters, Neale); the Department of Biomedicine and the Center for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Mattheisen, Børglum); the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); the Department of Genetics and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Stein); the Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Hibar, Thompson); the Department of Epidemiology and the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (Adams); the Department of Psychiatry and the Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto (Schachar); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Sonuga-Barke); the Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (Mattheisen); the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Mattheisen); Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm (Mattheisen); the Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Thompson); the Quantitative Genetics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Medland); the Department of Psychiatry and the Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Faraone); the K.G. Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Faraone); and the Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke).
Barbara FrankeThe Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Klein, Bralten, Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke); University Medical Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, the Netherlands (Klein); the Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (Walters, Neale); Program in Medical and Population Genetics (Walters) and Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Mass (Walters, Neale); the Department of Biomedicine and the Center for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Demontis, Mattheisen, Børglum); the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Denmark (Demontis, Børglum); the Department of Genetics and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Stein); the Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Hibar, Thompson); the Department of Epidemiology and the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (Adams); the Department of Psychiatry and the Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto (Schachar); the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Sonuga-Barke); the Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (Mattheisen); the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Mattheisen); Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm (Mattheisen); the Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Thompson); the Quantitative Genetics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Medland); the Department of Psychiatry and the Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, N.Y. (Faraone); the K.G. Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Faraone); and the Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Roth Mota, Arias-Vasquez, Franke).
Radboud University Nijmegen · NL
Funding
Training U54EB020403 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI THOMPSON, PAUL M · 2014 to 2018
$10.1MNIBIB NIH HHS U54 EB020403
Abstract
objectiveAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common and highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorder with a complex pathophysiology. Intracranial volume (ICV) and volumes of the nucleus accumbens, amygdala, caudate nucleus, hippocampus, and putamen are smaller in people with ADHD compared with healthy individuals. The authors investigated the overlap between common genetic variation associated with ADHD risk and these brain volume measures to identify underlying biological processes contributing to the disorder.
methodsThe authors combined genome-wide association results from the largest available studies of ADHD (N=55,374) and brain volumes (N=11,221-24,704), using a set of complementary methods to investigate overlap at the level of global common variant genetic architecture and at the single variant level.
resultsAnalyses revealed a significant negative genetic correlation between ADHD and ICV (r
conclusionsThis is the first genome-wide study to show significant genetic overlap between brain volume measures and ADHD, both on the global and the single variant level. Variants linked to smaller ICV were associated with increased ADHD risk. These findings can help us develop new hypotheses about biological mechanisms by which brain structure alterations may be involved in ADHD disease etiology.
Indexed as
AmygdalaAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityBrainCase-Control StudiesCaudate NucleusGenetic MarkersGenome-Wide Association StudyHippocampusHumansLinkage DisequilibriumNucleus AccumbensOrgan SizePolymorphism, Single NucleotidePutamenQuantitative Trait LociGenetic MarkersADHDGeneticsMRI Brain Imaging
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