ReviewThe ocular surface2019
Untargeted lipidomic analysis of human tears: A new approach for quantification of O-acyl-omega hydroxy fatty acids.
Review in The ocular surface, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tear Biomarkers in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases, and Multiple Sclerosis: Implications for Diagnosis (Systematic Review).International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Stability and Compressibility of Tear Film Lipid Layer: Impact of Benzalkonium Chloride Presence.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Nanomaterial-enabled smart contact lenses: bridging sensing, therapy, and theranostics for next-generation ocular healthcare.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- One Step Closer to a Molecular Level Understanding of the Tear Film Lipid Layer by Surface X-ray Scattering.Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids · 2025Article
- Decipher 'Em All: A Profiling Study on the Effects of Acyl Groups inLangmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids · 2024Article
- Tear-Based Ocular Wearable Biosensors for Human Health Monitoring.Biosensors · 2024Review
- A Look into Ocular Diseases: The Pivotal Role of Omics Sciences in Ophthalmology Research.ACS measurement science au · 2024Review
- Untargeted Lipidomics Reveal Quality Changes in High-Moisture Japonica Brown Rice at Different Storage Temperatures.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Characterization of the thickness of the Tear Film Lipid Layer in Meibomian Gland Dysfunction using high resolution optical microscopy.The ocular surface · 2022Article
- Biophysical properties of tear film lipid layer II. Polymorphism of FAHFA.Biophysical journal · 2022Article
- Human meibum and tear film derived cholesteryl and wax esters in meibomian gland dysfunction and tear film structure.The ocular surface · 2022Article
- Antimicrobial Tear Lipids in the Ocular Surface Defense.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Characterization of Lipids in Saliva, Tears and Minor Salivary Glands of Sjögren's Syndrome Patients Using an HPLC/MS-Based Approach.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Human precorneal tear film and lipid layer dynamics in meibomian gland dysfunction.The ocular surface · 2021Article
- Human Meibum and Tear Film Derived (O-Acyl)-Omega-Hydroxy Fatty Acids as Biomarkers of Tear Film Dynamics in Meibomian Gland Dysfunction and Dry Eye Disease.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2021Article
- Human meibum and tear film derived (O-acyl)-omega-hydroxy fatty acids in meibomian gland dysfunction.The ocular surface · 2021Article
- Triacylglycerol lipidome from human meibomian gland epithelial cells: Description, response to culture conditions, and perspective on function.Experimental eye research · 2021Article
- Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Meibomian Gland Lipids.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2021Article
- Exploring the Lipidome: Current Lipid Extraction Techniques for Mass Spectrometry Analysis.Metabolites · 2020Review
- Crystalline Wax Esters Regulate the Evaporation Resistance of Tear Film Lipid Layers Associated with Dry Eye Syndrome.The journal of physical chemistry letters · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe purpose of this work was to optimize methodology to analyze the human tear film lipids by using untargeted, direct infusion electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) to establish the analytical approach for a large-scale clinical translational study of tear film lipids in ocular surface disease, particularly associated with the O-acyl-omega hydroxy fatty acids (OAHFAs).
methodsMeibum and tear samples were collected from both eyes of five normal subjects without ocular disease using two different microcapillary collection tubes, glass and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). An untargeted lipidomics approach was used to analyze the lipids in human tear and meibum samples using direct infusion ESI-MS in positive and negative ion modes. Direct and indirect quantification methods were evaluated.
resultsThe amount of OAHFAs measured in tears using these techniques was approximately 0.7-0.8% of the total lipids. More phospholipids, including phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin, were detected in the tear samples associated with glass microcapillaries compared to PTFE.
conclusionsReliable assessment of lipids in small volumes of tear film is possible using high resolution, untargeted ESI-MS in positive and negative ion modes. Using this technique, the concentration of OAHFAs can be quantified, as can the presence of other polar lipids.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.