ArticleScientific reports2019
Air pollutants associated with smoking in indoor/outdoor of waterpipe cafés in Tehran, Iran: Concentrations, affecting factors and health risk assessment.
Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Indoor Air Pollutants of PM2.5, Carbon Monoxide, Nicotine, and Carcinogens in Waterpipe Bars.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Article
- Indoor air pollution due to bacterial bioaerosols in beauty salons of Ardabil, Iran: characterization, influencing factors and health risk assessment.Journal of environmental health science & engineering · 2025Article
- Bioaccumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from leachates of waterpipe tobacco wastes on Peronia peronii species from the Persian Gulf region.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- First report on BTEX leaching from waterpipe tobacco wastes (WTWs) into aquatic environment.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Socioeconomic and environmental factors associated with waterpipe tobacco smoking among Iranian adults: a PERSIAN cohort-based cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Article
- Phytoremediation of formaldehyde by the stems of Epipremnum aureum and Rohdea japonica.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Article
- Latent class analysis of initial nicotine dependence among adult waterpipe smokers.Journal of environmental health science & engineering · 2021Article
- Potential cytotoxicity of PM2.5-bound PAHs and toxic metals collected from areas with different traffic densities on human lung epithelial cells (A549).Journal of environmental health science & engineering · 2021Article
- Assessing BTEX concentrations emitted by hookah smoke in indoor air of residential buildings: health risk assessment for children.Journal of environmental health science & engineering · 2021Article
- Use of toenail-bounded heavy metals to characterize occupational exposure and oxidative stress in workers of waterpipe/cigarette cafés.Environmental geochemistry and health · 2021Article
- Estimating the Carcinogenic Potency of Second-Hand Smoke and Aerosol from Cigarettes and Heated Tobacco Products.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Mortality rates due to respiratory tract diseases in Tehran, Iran during 2008-2018: a spatiotemporal, cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2020Article
- The effects of ventilation and building characteristics on indoor air quality in waterpipe cafés.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2020Article
- Indoor air quality in waterpipe cafés: exposure level to particulate matter.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2019Article
- Bioaerosols in the waterpipe cafés: genera, levels, and factors influencing their concentrations.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite increasingly growth in waterpipe smoking in Tehran, so far no study has been conducted on the air quality of the waterpipe and cigarette cafés. Thirty-six cafés were selected and the concentration of three pollutants including formaldehyde, carbon monoxide and nicotine were measured in both indoor and outdoor air of cafés two times (week-day and weekend's session). Air sampling was performed for 180 min for each pollutant. It was observed that the concentration of pollutants inside the cafés was higher during weekend session (with a higher number of "active waterpipe heads") compared with findings during the week-day sessions. Furthermore, the concentration of pollutants in the indoor air of the cafés was significantly higher than that of the outdoors (p < 0.05). According to path analysis, the number of "active waterpipe heads" had the maximum impact on generation of pollutants inside the cafés, followed by the type of tobacco as the second influential factor. The average of lifetime cancer risk (LTCR) resulted by formaldehyde exposure through inhalation in waterpipe (WS), cigarette (CS), waterpipe and cigarette (WCS) and none-smoking (NS) cafés in week-day and weekend sessions were estimated to be 111 × 10
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