ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2019
The Incidence and Predisposing Factors of John Cunningham Virus-Induced Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in Southern Finland: A Population-Based Study.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines for diagnosis and management of autoimmune hepatitis.Gut · 2025Guideline
- Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Initially Considered as Central Nervous System Involvement of Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder: The Critical Role of Contrast Enhancement on Magnetic Resonance Imaging.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Article
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy as a rare first manifestation of AIDS: case report.Postepy psychiatrii neurologii · 2025Article
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and spectrum of predisposing conditions: a 20-year retrospective cohort study in a tertiary center in São Paulo, Brazil.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Disproportionality analysis of drug-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: roles of underlying diseases and immunomodulatory therapies in FAERS.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- From diversity to disease: unravelling the role of enteric glial cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in the background of chlorambucil treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a case report from Nepal.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2023Article
- An Elusive Target: Inhibitors of JC Polyomavirus Infection and Their Development as Therapeutics for the Treatment of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Nationwide Laboratory Surveillance of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in Japan: Fiscal Years 2011-2020.Viruses · 2023Article
- CCR5 Blockade in Inflammatory PML and PML-IRIS Associated With Chronic Inflammatory Diseases' Treatments.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: a new gold standard?Journal of neurology · 2021Article
- Single-Dose Pembrolizumab Treatment for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2021Article
- Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome with Recurrent Paradoxical Cerebellar HIV-Associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Review
- PD-1 inhibition: a novel approach to the treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.Annals of translational medicine · 2019Article
- Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: Current Insights.Degenerative neurological and neuromuscular disease · 2019Review
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy - a diagnostic guide for the clinical neurologist.Frontiers in neurologyReview
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, incidence rate (IR), predisposing factors, survival rate, and diagnostic delay of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) across medical specialties. Another objective was to survey how PML diagnosis was made in the studied cases.
methodsThis is a cross-sectional retrospective observational study of PML cases across different medical specialties during 2004-2016 in the Finnish Capital Region and Southern Finland. Data were obtained from clinical records, clinical microbiology, pathology and radiology department records, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) quality register medical records.
resultsA total of 31 patients were diagnosed with PML. The prevalence of PML was 1.56 per 100 000 people and the IR was 0.12 per 100 000 individuals per year during 2004-2016. Hematologic malignancies (n = 19) and HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (n = 5) were the most common underlying diseases, and all patients who had malignant diseases had received cancer treatment. Before PML diagnosis, 21 (67.7%) patients were treated with chemotherapy, 14 (45.2%) patients with rituximab, and 1 patient (3.2%) with natalizumab. Two patients (6.5%) had no obvious immunocompromising disease or treatment. Neither gender, age, first symptoms, previous medication, nor underlying disease influenced the survival of PML patients significantly. The 5-year survival rate was poor, at less than 10%.
conclusionsThe majority of PML patients in our study had a predisposing disease or had immunosuppressive or monoclonal antibody therapy. In the future, broader use of immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory medications may increase incidence of PML among patients with diseases unassociated with PML. Safety screening protocols for John Cunningham virus and PML are important to prevent new PML cases.
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