ArticleNature communications2019
A dual role in regulation and toxicity for the disordered N-terminus of the toxin GraT.
Article in Nature communications, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antitoxin control of optimal transcriptional repression in the atypical HigB-HigA toxin-antitoxin system from Proteus vulgaris.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of neutralization of toxSAS from toxin-antitoxin modules.Nature chemical biology · 2025Article
- Fuzzy recognition by the prokaryotic transcription factor HigA2 from Vibrio cholerae.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Toxin:antitoxin ratio sensing autoregulation of theScience advances · 2024Article
- Biochemical and X-ray analyses of the players involved in the faRel2/aTfaRel2 toxin-antitoxin operon.Acta crystallographica. Section F, Structural biology communications · 2023Article
- The structural basis of hyperpromiscuity in a core combinatorial network of type II toxin-antitoxin and related phage defense systems.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Dynamics-Based Regulatory Switches of Type II Antitoxins: Insights into New Antimicrobial Discovery.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Biology and evolution of bacterial toxin-antitoxin systems.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2022Review
- Entropic pressure controls the oligomerization of the Vibrio cholerae ParD2 antitoxin.Acta crystallographica. Section D, Structural biology · 2021Article
- Prokaryote toxin-antitoxin modules: Complex regulation of an unclear function.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2021Review
- Proteolysis and multimerization regulate signaling along the two-component regulatory system AdeRS.iScience · 2021Article
- The DisorderedMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- Review
- Chromosomal toxin-antitoxin systems in Pseudomonas putida are rather selfish than beneficial.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Type II Toxin-Antitoxin Systems: Evolution and Revolutions.Journal of bacteriology · 2020Review
- Structure and DNA damage-dependent derepression mechanism for the XRE family member DG-DdrO.Nucleic acids research · 2019Article
- Thermodynamic Stability of the Transcription Regulator PaaR2 from Escherichia coli O157:H7.Biophysical journal · 2019Article
- Article
- Structural Insights Into the Transcriptional Regulation of HigBA Toxin-Antitoxin System by Antitoxin HigA inFrontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bacterial toxin-antitoxin (TA) modules are tightly regulated to maintain growth in favorable conditions or growth arrest during stress. A typical regulatory strategy involves the antitoxin binding and repressing its own promoter while the toxin often acts as a co-repressor. Here we show that Pseudomonas putida graTA-encoded antitoxin GraA and toxin GraT differ from other TA proteins in the sense that not the antitoxin but the toxin possesses a flexible region. GraA auto-represses the graTA promoter: two GraA dimers bind cooperatively at opposite sides of the operator sequence. Contrary to other TA modules, GraT is a de-repressor of the graTA promoter as its N-terminal disordered segment prevents the binding of the GraT
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