Trial reportInternational journal of molecular sciences2019
Differential Involvement of Autophagy and Apoptosis in Response to Chemoendocrine and Endocrine Therapy in Breast Cancer: JBCRG-07TR.
Trial report in International journal of molecular sciences, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metronomic Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer: Unleashing the Potential of Combination Regimens.Cancer innovation · 2025Review
- Programmed Cell Death in Cancer.MedComm · 2025Review
- Autophagy in doxorubicin resistance: basic concepts, therapeutic perspectives and clinical translation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Investigating the role of exosomal long non-coding RNAs in drug resistance within female reproductive system cancers.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Metronomic chemotherapy in cancer treatment: new wine in an old bottle.Theranostics · 2024Review
- Landscape of NcRNAs involved in drug resistance of breast cancer.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2023Review
- Capecitabine Plus Aromatase Inhibitor as First Line Therapy for Hormone Receptor Positive, HER2 Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2023Article
- Does Apoptotic Index Predict the Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Breast Carcinoma?Medeniyet medical journal · 2023Article
- Current Research Status of Metronomic Chemotherapy in Combination Treatment of Breast Cancer.Oncology research and treatment · 2022Review
- Metronomic Chemotherapy.Cancers · 2021Review
- Exosomal long noncoding RNA AGAP2-AS1 regulates trastuzumab resistance via inducing autophagy in breast cancer.American journal of cancer research · 2021Article
- lncRNA ZNF649-AS1 Induces Trastuzumab Resistance by Promoting ATG5 Expression and Autophagy.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2020Article
- Proteoglycans in the Pathogenesis of Hormone-Dependent Cancers: Mediators and Effectors.Cancers · 2020Review
- Exosome-transmitted miR-567 reverses trastuzumab resistance by inhibiting ATG5 in breast cancer.Cell death & disease · 2020Article
- Anticancer Ruthenium(III) Complexes and Ru(III)-Containing Nanoformulations: An Update on the Mechanism of Action and Biological Activity.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Mitochondrial Involvement in Cisplatin Resistance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Endocrine therapy is an essential component in the curative treatment of hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer. To improve treatment efficacy, the addition of metronomic chemotherapy has been tested and shown to improve therapeutic effects. To better understand cellular reactions to metronomic chemoendocrine therapy, we studied autophagy-related markers, beclin 1 and LC3, and apoptosis-related markers, TUNEL and M30, in pre- and post-treatment cancer tissues from a multicenter neoadjuvant trial, JBCRG-07, in which oral cyclophosphamide plus letrozole were administered to postmenopausal patients with HR-positive breast cancer. Changes in the levels of markers were compared with those following neoadjuvant endocrine therapy according to clinical response. Apoptosis, in addition to autophagy-related markers, increased following metronomic chemoendocrine therapy and such increases were associated with clinical response. By contrast, following endocrine therapy, the levels of apoptosis-related markers did not increase regardless of clinical response, whereas the levels of autophagy-related markers increased. Furthermore, levels of the apoptosis-related marker, M30, decreased in responders of endocrine therapy, suggesting that the induction of apoptosis by metronomic chemoendocrine therapy was involved in the improved clinical outcome compared with endocrine therapy. In conclusion, metronomic chemoendocrine therapy induced a different cellular reaction from that of endocrine therapy, including the induction of apoptosis, which is likely to contribute to improved efficacy compared with endocrine therapy alone.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.