ReviewViruses2019
Immune System Modulation and Viral Persistence in Bats: Understanding Viral Spillover.
Review in Viruses, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Detection of coronaviruses in insectivorous bats of Fore-Caucasus, 2021.Scientific reports · 2023Pooled it
- Major bat-borne zoonotic viral epidemics in Asia and Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Veterinary medicine and science · 2022Pooled it
- Molecular pathogenesis, global epidemiological trends, and treatment strategies for pteropine orthoreoviruses: a narrative review.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Review
- Review
- Seasonal Variation in the Mutagenic and Oxidative Properties of Gut Microbiota in Active and Hibernating Common Noctules (Nyctalus noctula).Current microbiology · 2026Article
- Exploring Bat-Virus Interactions: Insights from a Study in the Gobi Desert.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Lyssavirus Antibody Detection in Cave-Dwelling Bats on Cat Ba Island, Vietnam: Implications for Zoonotic Surveillance.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Review
- Bat Viral Shedding: A Review of Seasonal Patterns and Risk Factors.Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.) · 2025Review
- Vector-Borne Bacteria Detected in Ticks, Mites and Flies Parasitizing Bats in the State of Rondônia, Brazilian Amazon.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Studying bats using a One Health lens: bridging the gap between bat virology and disease ecology.Journal of virology · 2024Review
- Review
- The Unique Immune System of Bats: An Evolutionary Analysis and Bibliometric Study.Ecology and evolution · 2024Article
- Microbial community dynamics in blood, faeces and oral secretions of neotropical bats in Casanare, Colombia.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- A tale of endurance: bats, viruses and immune dynamics.Future microbiology · 2024Review
- The molecular evolution of cancer associated genes in mammals.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Ecological countermeasures to prevent pathogen spillover and subsequent pandemics.Nature communications · 2024Review
- Presence ofViruses · 2024Article
- Coordinated inflammatory responses dictate Marburg virus control by reservoir bats.Nature communications · 2024Article
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bats harbor a myriad of viruses and some of these viruses may have spilled over to other species including humans. Spillover events are rare and several factors must align to create the "perfect storm" that would ultimately lead to a spillover. One of these factors is the increased shedding of virus by bats. Several studies have indicated that bats have unique defense mechanisms that allow them to be persistently or latently infected with viruses. Factors leading to an increase in the viral load of persistently infected bats would facilitate shedding of virus. This article reviews the unique nature of bat immune defenses that regulate virus replication and the various molecular mechanisms that play a role in altering the balanced bat⁻virus relationship.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.