ArticleFrontiers in integrative neuroscience2019
Sex Differences in Estradiol Secretion by Trigeminal Brainstem Neurons.
Article in Frontiers in integrative neuroscience, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Capsaicin for Orofacial Pain Management: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Sex Differences in Auditory Brainstem Responses of Two Rat Models of Autism: Environmental and Genetic Contributions to Autism-Like Auditory Function.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2025Article
- Applicability of the theory of pain-sensorimotor interactions to orofacial pain and sensorimotor behavior, and implications for orofacial pain research and management.Journal of oral & facial pain and headache · 2025Review
- Mechanisms Underlying Sex Differences in Temporomandibular Disorders and Their Comorbidity with Migraine.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Knowledge and awareness about temporomandibular disorder among dentists in India: Questionnaire study and review.Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society · 2024Review
- Electroacupuncture exerts prolonged analgesic and neuroprotective effects in a persistent dental pain model induced by multiple dental pulp injuries: GABAergic interneurons-astrocytes interaction.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- A neural circuit perspective on brain aromatase.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2022Review
- Role of Connexin 43 in an Inflammatory Model for TMJ Hyperalgesia.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Aromatase in the Human Brain.Androgens: clinical research and therapeutics · 2021Review
- PJournal of pain research · 2020Article
- 17β-Estradiol Attenuates Neuropathic Pain Caused by Spared Nerve Injury by Upregulating CIC-3 in the Dorsal Root Ganglion of Ovariectomized Rats.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Estrogen status is a significant risk factor in the development of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD). Classically, estrogen status is thought to derive mainly from ovarian sources; however, it is well known that estradiol (E2) also is synthesized by neurons in the brain. This study tested the hypothesis that E2 is produced by neurons in trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc), the principal site of termination for sensory afferents that supply the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), to modify evoked responses in a model of TMJ nociception in male and female rats. Intra-TMJ injection of the small fiber excitant, allyl isothiocyanate (AIC), increased the levels of E2 collected from microdialysis probes sites at Vc of ovariectomized (OvX) female rats, ipsilateral to the stimulus, whereas males displayed no change. Dialysate levels of E2 collected from probe sites in the contralateral Vc or cerebellum in OvX rats were not affected by TMJ stimulation. Reverse dialysis of anastrozole, an aromatase (ARO) inhibitor, via the probe reduced perfusate levels of E2 in Vc. Systemic administration of letrozole, a non-steroid ARO inhibitor, for 4 days prevented TMJ-evoked increases in masseter muscle electromyography (MMemg) activity. ARO-positive neurons were distributed mainly in superficial laminae (I-III) at Vc and cell counts revealed no significant difference between OvX and male rats. Intra-TMJ injection of AIC revealed similar numbers of ARO/Fos dual-labeled neurons in OvX and male rats. By contrast, the percentage of ARO neurons co-labeled for glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), the biosynthetic enzyme for GABA, was greater in OvX (35%) than male rats (14%). Few ARO-positive neurons were co-labeled for estrogen receptor alpha. These data indicate that E2 is secreted continuously by Vc neurons and that acute stimulation of TMJ nociceptors evokes further secretion in a sex-dependent manner. Reduced TMJ-evoked MMemg activity after ARO inhibition suggests that locally produced E2 by Vc neurons acts via paracrine mechanisms to modify TMJ nociception in female rats.
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