ArticleDrug design, development and therapy2019
Emodin induces apoptosis and autophagy of fibroblasts obtained from patient with ankylosing spondylitis.
Article in Drug design, development and therapy, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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22 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Plant secondary metabolites exert therapeutic effects by modulating autophagy pathways.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Review
- Anthraquinones and Aloe Vera Extracts as Potential Modulators of Inflammaging Mechanisms: A Translational Approach from Autoimmune to Onco-Hematological Diseases.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Unveiling Cuproptosis-Driven Molecular Clusters and Immune Dysregulation in Ankylosing Spondylitis.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Review
- Emodin inhibits M1 macrophage activation that related to acute and chronic kidney injury through EGFR/MAPK pathway.Functional & integrative genomics · 2024Article
- Identification of sex-specific biomarkers related to programmed cell death and analysis of immune cells in ankylosing spondylitis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Acrylamide induces human chondrocyte cell death by initiating autophagy‑dependent ferroptosis.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2023Article
- Novel regulatory role of non-coding RNAs in ankylosing spondylitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Effects of Anthraquinones on Immune Responses and Inflammatory Diseases.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- miR-148a-3p facilitates osteogenic differentiation of fibroblasts in ankylosing spondylitis by activating the Wnt pathway and targeting DKK1.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2022Article
- Joint together: The etiology and pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Effect of Fluoride on Cytotoxicity Involved in Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Review of Mechanism.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Review
- Mechanism of Emodin in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Review
- Ginsenoside Rb1 Prevents Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Muscle Stem Cells via NF-Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Article
- Effects of emodin, a plant-derived anthraquinone, on TGF-β1-induced cardiac fibroblast activation and function.Journal of cellular physiology · 2021Article
- The Health Benefits of Emodin, a Natural Anthraquinone Derived from Rhubarb-A Summary Update.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Article
- Article
- Emodin protects against intestinal and lung injury induced by acute intestinal injury by modulating SP-A and TLR4/NF-κB pathway.Bioscience reports · 2020Article
- Emodin Interferes With AKT1-Mediated DNA Damage and Decreases Resistance of Breast Cancer Cells to Doxorubicin.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAnkylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of rheumatoid disease, which has been reported to be associated with the excessive proliferation of fibroblasts recently. Emodin, a single component from a traditional Chinese medicine
methodsFibroblasts obtained from patients with AS were used in the current study. In addition, multiple cellular and molecular biology techniques such as Cell Counting Kit-8, Western blotting, flow cytometry, monodansylcadaverine staining, and immunofluorescence assay were applied as well.
resultsEmodin-induced apoptosis of fibroblasts obtained from patient with AS via increasing active caspase-9, active caspase-3, and Bax levels and downregulating Bcl-2. Meanwhile, emodin enhanced autophagy in fibroblasts via upregulation of the expression of Atg12, Atg5, and Beclin 1, which was further confirmed by monodansylcadaverine staining. As expected, autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3MA) completely reversed emodin-induced autophagy in fibroblasts. Moreover, 3MA significantly increased emodin-induced apoptosis of fibroblasts obtained from patient with AS by increasing the levels of γH2AX, active caspase-9, active caspase-3, and cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase.
conclusionOur results indicated that emodin effectively induced apoptosis and autophagy of fibroblasts obtained from patient with AS. In addition, suppression of autophagy enhanced emodin-induced apoptosis in fibroblasts. Therefore, we proposed that combination of emodin with autophagy inhibitor might be a potent strategy for improving the symptoms of AS in the future.
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