ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2019
Paneth cell α-defensins HD-5 and HD-6 display differential degradation into active antimicrobial fragments.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phenotypic heterogeneity in the human gut microbiome revealed by subspecies-resolution single-cell transcriptomics.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Systemic Inflammation: A Network Analysis.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Article
- IL-22 induces Paneth cell metaplasia in the colonic epithelium of ulcerative colitis, promoting wound healing via REG3A.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Breaking disulfide bonds in a weakly bactericidal α-defensin unleashes a potent antimicrobial peptide with an altered conformation.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Dietary fibre promotes chronic gut parasite infection via direct and time-dependent modulation of innate immunity.Microbiome · 2026Article
- Microbiota modulation by a human Paneth cell α-defensin fragment protects against DSS-induced colitis.iScience · 2026Article
- Natural and Synthetic Peptides as Alternatives to Antibiotics in Intestinal Infections-A Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Intestinal Barrier: A Multilayered Gatekeeper Against Systemic Disease.International journal of microbiology · 2026Review
- The AMP-antibiotic-microbiota triad in IBD: a mechanistic framework for dysregulated antimicrobial defense.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Exploring the multifaceted roles of beta-defensins in prediabetes: a detailed review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Antimicrobial proteins and peptides in pregnancy: Guardians of the maternal-fetal frontier.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Melatonin Improves Intestinal Barrier Impairment in a Mouse Model of Autism Spectrum Disorder.Biology · 2025Article
- Genetic variance in the murine defensin locus modulates glucose homeostasis.The EMBO journal · 2025Article
- Modulation of Bifidobacterium by HD5 during weaning is associated with high abundance in later life.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Joint Microbiota Suggests Articular Dysbiosis in Experimental Murine Spondyloarthritis and Histological Detection of Bacteria in Human SpA Joints.International journal of inflammation · 2025Article
- EMC3 is critical for CFTR function and calcium mobilization in the mouse intestinal epithelium.American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2025Article
- Advances in intestinal epithelium and gut microbiota interaction.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Acidocin A and Acidocin 8912 Belong to a Distinct Subfamily of Class II Bacteriocins with a Broad Spectrum of Antimicrobial Activity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Critical role of the gut microbiota in immune responses and cancer immunotherapy.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2024Review
- Gut microbiota and acute kidney injury: immunological crosstalk link.International urology and nephrology · 2024Review
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides, in particular α-defensins expressed by Paneth cells, control microbiota composition and play a key role in intestinal barrier function and homeostasis. Dynamic conditions in the local microenvironment, such as pH and redox potential, significantly affect the antimicrobial spectrum. In contrast to oxidized peptides, some reduced defensins exhibit increased vulnerability to proteolytic degradation. In this report, we investigated the susceptibility of Paneth-cell-specific human α-defensin 5 (HD-5) and -6 (HD-6) to intestinal proteases using natural human duodenal fluid. We systematically assessed proteolytic degradation using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and identified several active defensin fragments capable of impacting bacterial growth of both commensal and pathogenic origins. Of note, incubation of mucus with HD-5 resulted in 255-8,000 new antimicrobial combinations. In contrast, HD-6 remained stable with consistent preserved nanonet formation. In vivo studies demonstrated proof of concept that a HD-5 fragment shifted microbiota composition (e.g., increases of
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.